稠油热采出砂机制试验研究  

Experimental study on sand production mechanism of heavy oil thermal recovery

作　　者：林日亿[1] 李兆敏[2] 陆杏英 杨建平 谭红旗 尹家文[1] 赵宏宁 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学储运与建筑工程学院,山东青岛266555 [2]中国石油大学石油工程学院,山东青岛266555 [3]中国石油青海油田分公司采油一厂,青海海西816400 [4]辽河油田SAGD项目开发部,辽宁盘锦124000 [5]中油国际工程有限责任公司,北京100011 [6]中国石油集团工程设计有限责任公司北京分公司,北京100085

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第4期123-128,共6页Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science)

基　　金：国家科技重大专项课题(2008ZX05009-004);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2010EL021);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(10CX04014A)

摘　　要：稠油生产出砂是油气田开发中制约产能的重要因素,高温蒸汽冲刷、沥青质的热解和水岩反应溶解是稠油热采出砂的主要原因。针对稠油开采出砂问题,分析稠油区块的出砂机制,并试验研究稠油热采注蒸汽对岩心渗透率的影响和稠油热采的出砂机制。结果表明:随着注入蒸汽量的增加,岩心的渗透率都会先下降后上升,开采时需要适当控制蒸汽流速以恢复最终渗透率到原有的80%左右;高流速下流体的流动冲刷导致地层的拉伸破坏而产生微粒的运移,破坏了骨架砂;高温导致岩石的胶结强度下降,砂粒疏松;高黏度的原油在流动中阻力大,流动所需的压力梯度大,对砂粒的摩擦携带作用也大;岩心初始渗透率低导致驱替压差大,对岩心产生剪切破坏。The sand production is an important factor controlling heavy oil production capacity in the development of heavy oil recovery.High-temperature steam erosion,asphaltene pyrolysis and dissolution of water-rock reactions are important factors of sand production of thermal recovery.Aimed at the problem of heavy oil sand production,the sand production mechanism was analyzed.The effects of steam injection on the real core permeability and the sand production mechanism of heavy oil thermal recovery were studied experimentally.The results show that the core permeability decreases and then increases with the injected steam increasing,so it is required to restore the final permeability to about 80% of the original by controlling the steam flow rate in exploitation.And the tensile failure of formation results in the migration of particles and skeletal sand damaged by high velocity fluid flow.The bond strength of rocks decreases and sand looses by high temperature of the steam.High viscosity crude oil shows large flow resistance,high flow pressure gradient and high portability.The low initial permeability results in great pressure difference in displacement,which caused shear failure of the core.

关 键 词：稠油热采 出砂机制 试验 岩心渗透率 

分 类 号：TE345[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]