农村留守初中生社会支持、同伴关系与心理弹性的关系研究  

STUDY ON THE SOCIAL-SUPPORT AND PEER RELATIONSHIPS IMPACT ON PSYCHOLOGICAL RESILIRNCE AMONG THE LEFT-BEHIND CHILDREN IN RURAL AREA

作　　者：陈惠惠[1] 刘巧兰[2] 胡冰霜[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学公共管理学院,成都610064 [2]四川大学华西公共卫生学院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2011年第16期3219-3221,3224,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：教育部博士点新教师基金 (200806101093)

摘　　要：[目的]探讨初中留守儿童的社会支持、同伴关系与心理弹性的关系,寻找保护心理弹性的相关因素。[方法]以340名留守七年级学生为研究对象,采用横断面调查并进行社会支持量表、同伴提名量表与心理弹性量表的施测。[结果](1)父母平时过问情况、父母婚姻状况、照顾人的要求、母亲的要求和照顾人与父母要求的一致性对留守儿童的心理弹性有影响(P﹤0.05)。(2)不同类型同伴关系的留守儿童的心理弹性之间存在差异(F=4.40,P﹤0.01),受欢迎的留守儿童的心理弹性高于被忽视组(P﹤0.01)、被拒绝组(P﹤0.01)、普通组(P﹤0.01)和有争议组(P﹤0.05)的留守儿童。(3)对社会支持与心理弹性进行相关分析,可发现两者成负相关(r=-0.55,P﹤0.05)。[结论]父母多过问、父母婚姻关系良好、照顾人及母亲要求严格、照顾人与父母要求一致、较好的社会支持、良好的同伴关系对留守儿童的心理弹性有正向预测作用。[Objective]To explore the relationship between social-support,peer relationship and psychological resilience among the left-behind children in rural area,in order to find the protective factors of psychological resilience.[Methods]A questionnaire survey was conducted among 340 left-behind children in Sichuan,consisting of four parts：basic conditions,SSAS,PNI and HKRA.[Results]（1）The five factors impact on psychological resilience,which were the enquiry of parents,the relationship of parents,the request of guardian,the request of mother and the consistency of request between parents and guardian.（P﹤0.05）.（2）The peer relationship affected the psychological resilience of the left-behind children（F = 4.40,P﹤0.01）,the psychological resilience of the popular was more than the neglected（P﹤0.01）,the rejected（P﹤0.01）,the average（P ﹤0.01）and the controversial（P﹤0.05）.（3）The psychological resilience of the left-behind children had significantly negative correlation with the social support（r = -0.55,P﹤0.05）.[Conclusion]The protective factors of psychological resilience were as follows：the frequent enquiry of parents,the good relationship of parents,the strict request of guardian and mother,the consistency of request between guardian and parents,nice social support and nice peer.

关 键 词：留守儿童 同伴关系 心理弹性 社会支持 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]