河北省医用X射线诊断卫生防护现状  

Protective Status of Medical X-ray Machine Room in Hebei Province

作　　者：杨彦文[1] 周开建[1] 殷强[1] 曹子洲 

机构地区：[1]河北省疾病预防控制中心放射防护所,石家庄市050021 [2]河北省环境学会

出　　处：《职业与健康》2011年第15期1720-1722,共3页Occupation and Health

基　　金：河北省卫生厅项目(项目编号:20100223)

摘　　要：目的调查河北省内省、市、县不同类型医院医用诊断X线机机房防护水平,检测使用中的X线机性能及防护水平,包括泄漏辐射及有用线束受检者入射体表空气比释动能率,以及医院受检者防护用品使用与配备现状。方法防护及泄漏辐射检测采用451P电离室巡测仪,受检者入射体表空气比释动能率检测采用Victoreen NEROTMmAx系统,防护用品使用与配备采取现场调查的方法。结果部分医院机房防护不合格,X线机泄漏辐射最高达1 100μSv/h,受检者入射体表空气比释动能率最大值达162 mGy/min,一次手术接受总剂量可达1.335 Gy,不能对受检者按要求进行合理防护的比例高达88.2%。结论河北省部分医院机房防护及X线机性能防护均存在很多问题,可能对医生及受检者健康造成损害。[Objective]To investigate the protection levels of medical diagnostic X-ray machine room in hospitals at provincial,municipal and county levels in Hebei Province,to detect the performance and protection levels X-ray machines in use,including radiation leakage,air kerma rate of useful rays at entering surface of subjects,and the use and allocation of protective articles of hospital subjects.[Methods]451P ionization chamber survey meter was used for radiation protection and leak detection,victorcen NEROTM mAx system was adopted for detection of air kerma rate of useful rays at entering surface of subjects.The on-site survey method was applied for protective article use and allocation.[Results]The protection levels of part of hospitals＇ machine room were not qualified,the maximum of X-ray machine radiation leak was 1 100 μSv/h.The air kerma rate of useful rays at entering surface of subjects was up to 162 mGy/min,the total received dose could reach 1.335 Gy.88.2% could not provide rational protection for subjects based on the requirements.[Conclusion]Many problems exist in some hospitals＇ X-ray machine room protection and X-ray machine performance protection which may cause damage to doctors and patients.

关 键 词：医用诊断X线机 X线机机房防护 性能防护 受检者 

分 类 号：R145[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]