非重复性时移地震数据关键处理技术应用研究  

Key techniques for non-repeated time-lapse seismic data processing technology

作　　者：郭念民 尚新民[2] 刘欣欣[1] 王淑玲[3,4] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院,山东青岛266555 [2]中国石化胜利油田物探研究院,山东东营257022 [3]中国科学院地质与地球物理所,北京100029 [4]中国石化胜利油田职工大学,山东东营257000

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2011年第4期581-592,667+495-496,共12页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2007AA060502)资助

摘　　要：由于两期地震数据采集目的不同、采集方式不同,造成两期地震资料的振幅能量、时间、频率和相位等方面存在很强的不一致性,从而加大了时移地震资料处理的难度。为此,本文首先分析两期资料非重复性的影响因素,并从面元大小、反射中心点位置、覆盖次数、方位角、信噪比等几个方面进行了数据体匹配,得到了一致性较好的初始地震数据。然后采用叠前共约束一致性处理方法,包括共约束一致性频率、相位、速度、剩余静校正等,提高两期资料的整体一致性。最后使用叠后互均化处理方法进一步改善两期资料的一致性,可以消除两期资料在时间、振幅、频率、相位等方面的不一致性,得到较好的时移地震处理成果。通过实际常规地震数据和高密度地震数据非重复时移地震资料处理,求出了油藏变化引起的时移地震响应,为后续解释和剩余油分析奠定了基础。Due to different purposes and manners of non-repeated time-lapse seismic acquisition,there is great inconsistency in energy,time,frequency and phase between two seismic datasets acquired at different time,which makes it much more difficult for seismic processing and analysis.In this paper,we firstly analyze the factors of non-repeatability and their influence,match bin size,position of CMP,fold number,azimuth and SNR of the two datasets,and obtain initial seismic data with enhanced consistency.Then we use pre-stack processing method,including consistent frequency correction,consistent phase correction,consistent velocity processing,consistent residual static correction,et.al,to improve the overall consistency of the two seismic datasets.Next we apply post-stack cross-equalization processing to further improve the consistency of data,which can greatly eliminate the inconsistency in time,amplitude,frequency and phase of two datasets,and improve the quality of time-lapse seismic processing results.Finally,using the above processing technologies to real non-repeated time-lapse seismic processing with conventional seismic data and high precision seismic data from an oilfield in eastern China,we obtain the actual time-lapse seismic responses caused by the changes of reservoir feature,which facilite the subsequent interpretation and analysis.

关 键 词：非重复时移地震 数据匹配 一致性处理 互均化 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]