儿童真菌性肺炎的临床特点及HRCT诊断  

Clinical Characteristics and CT Findings of Pulmonary Mycosis in Children

作　　者：周俊霖[1] 丁山[1] 吕静[1] 程力[1] 苗静[2] 

机构地区：[1]江西省儿童医院放射科,330006 [2]江西省儿童医院儿内科,330006

出　　处：《临床放射学杂志》2011年第8期1183-1186,共4页Journal of Clinical Radiology

摘　　要：目的探讨儿童真菌性肺炎的临床特点及高分辨率CT(HRCT)表现,以利早期诊断治疗,改善预后。资料与方法回顾性分析2005年至2010年住院确诊为真菌性肺炎的20例患儿资料。结果 20例均伴有基础疾病,并且都有发热。原发病为支气管肺炎者5例,继发于其他疾病者15例(白血病12例,再生障碍性贫血、神经母细胞瘤及重症联合免疫缺陷病各1例)。20例均行HRCT检查,肺亚段及肺小叶实变10例,结节或肿块样改变4例,空洞3例,霉菌球3例,"新月征"2例,粟粒样改变1例。结论儿童真菌性肺炎不易诊断,但恶性血液系统疾病和严重免疫抑制是儿童真菌性肺炎发病的重要因素。应结合临床病史、影像学及实验室检查全面分析,及时诊断。Objective To investigate clinical characteristics and CT findings of Pulmonary mycosis in children. Materials and Methods Clinical data of twenty children with Pulmonary mycosis between 2005 and 2010 were retrospectively studied. Results All the patients had underlying diseases including bronchopneumonia（ n = 5 ） ,leukemia （ n = 12 ）, aplastic anemia （ n = 1 ）, neuroblastoma （ n = 1 ） and severe combined immunodeficiency （ n = 1 ）. CT scans were performed in20 cases. HRCT features included segmental or lobar consolidation in 10 cases, nodule or mass-like lesions in 4 cases,cavities with thick/thin wall in 3 cases, fungal balls in 5 cases,＂ halo＂ signs in 2 and miliary distribution in 1 case. Conclusion Pulmonary mycosis in children are difficult to diagnose. Hematological malignancy and significant immunosuppression tend to play important roles in Pulmonary mycosis. Clinical history, HRCT features and laboratory results are sufficiently informative for accurate diagnosis.

关 键 词：真菌性肺炎儿童体层摄影术 X线计算机 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]