套袋黄冠梨果实花斑病发生与其组织结构变化的关系  

Relationship between Browning Spot and Micro-Structure of Bagged Fruit of Huangguan Pear

作　　者：王迎涛[1,2] 李晓[2] 李勇[2] 李六林[3] 张绍铃[1] 王心慈[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095 [2]河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所,石家庄050061 [3]山西农业大学园艺学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2011年第6期1180-1187,共8页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划子课题(2008BAD92B01-5)

摘　　要：以黄冠梨果实为试验材料,在调查套袋处理果实花斑病发生的基础上,研究了套袋及未套袋黄冠梨果实发育过程中的组织结构变化,并分析了发病果实的病部与正常果实组织结构差异。结果显示:(1)套3层袋果实花斑病的发病率为22.5%,而不套袋果实的发生率仅为1.5%。(2)未套袋果实角质层厚,而且呈波纹状分布,并渗入到表皮细胞间隙中,果实发育过程中厚度变化幅度不明显;套袋果实表面的角质层均匀一致,随果实迅速膨大,角质层变薄,且显著薄于未套袋果实,尤其是套3层袋与未套袋果实差异更大;套袋果实表皮细胞呈长方形,且较未套袋果实排列致密;不同套袋处理果实单宁细胞层数随果实发育逐渐减少,在花后90 d后,套袋处理与未套袋处理的厚度无显著差异。(3)套袋果实果肉薄壁细胞排列紧密,胞间隙小,其石细胞大小和密度均较未套袋果实小。(4)套袋果实花斑病发病部位角质层模糊,发病果实正常部位的角质层、表皮层厚度和单宁层均低于正常果实。研究表明,套袋黄冠梨果实表面组织结构发生较明显变化,它对梨果实花斑病的发生有重要影响。On the basis of investigation of browning spot,the micro-structure of Huangguan pear fruit bagged in white one-layer,three-layer and non-bagged fruit was observed,and microstructure difference between pathological site of browning spot fruit and normal fruit was analyzed.The results showed that browning spot incidence on fruit peel of three-layer bagged mature fruit was 22.5 percent,and the rate of non-bagged mature fruit was just 1.5 percent.The cuticle of non-bagged fruit showed thick and corrugated distribution,and filled in intercellular space of epidermal cells.The change of cuticle thickness was not obvious during fruit development.There was uniform cuticle on bagged fruit surface.The cuticle thickness became thin with fruit development.It was significant thinner than that of non-bagged fruit,and cuticle of fruit bagged in three-layer was the thinnest.The epidermal cell of bagged fruit bagged was rectangle,and its arrangement was obviously more regular and closer than that of non-bagged fruit.Tannins layer number gradually decreased with fruit development,and were not obvious different among different treatment from 90 days after full flowing to fruit mature.The parenchyma cell arrangement of bagged fruit was close,and its intercellular space,stone cells and its density were much smaller than those of non-bagged fruit.The pathological site of browning spot fruit showed blur cuticle,and the thickness of cuticle,epidermal cells and tannins of normal site of browning spot fruit were much thinner than those of normal fruit.The results suggested that variation of surface structure of bagged Huangguan pear fruits may play the important effect in incidence of brown spot.

关 键 词：黄冠梨 套袋 果实组织结构 花斑病 

分 类 号：Q945.7[生物学—植物学]