美国农业面源污染控制生态补偿机制与政策措施  

Measures and Policies in Ecological Compensation Mechanism in USA of Agricultural Non-Point Pollution

作　　者：汪洁[1] 马友华[1] 栾敬东[1] 王桂苓[1] 李冬[1] Fengxiang HAN 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学,安徽合肥230036 [2]密西西比州立大学 美国密西西北州

出　　处：《农业环境与发展》2011年第4期127-131,共5页Agro-Environment and Development

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD87B06);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07103-002)

摘　　要：简要概述农业面源污染控制的环境经济相关理论,回顾了美国农业面源污染治理的历程及"最佳管理实践措施",并分别从财政补偿、政策补偿、技术补偿、项目补偿四个方面分析研究美国生态补偿机制与政策措施的经验,从而提出对中国农业面源污染控制的启示。重视激励促进作用,运用多种有效手段,构建监督执行机制,完善技术保障体系等对中国农业面源污染控制生态补偿机制与政策措施的建立和实施具有重要的现实意义。The related theories on controlling agricultural non-point pollution were summarized briefly at first,and the process of controlling agricultural non-point pollution and BMPs in USA were reviewed.The experiences of measures and policies in ecological compensation mechanism were analyzed from 4 aspects of financial,policies,technology and projects,and finally the inspiration on controlling agricultural non-point pollution in China was proposed.The Chinese government should make great efforts into paying more attention on excitation and promotion,using many effective environment economic instruments,establishing surveillance mechanism,and completing technological safeguard system,and these are significant to build and implement the Chinese measures and policies in ecological compensation mechanism of agricultural non-point pollution.

关 键 词：农业面源污染 生态补偿机制 政策措施 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]