递增负荷运动对不同BMI与锻炼习惯的普通成年人心血管机能的影响  

Changes of Vascular Function in GXT to Exhaustive Exercise in Non-trained Adults and Its Association with Different BMI

作　　者：陈乐琴[1] 李红娟[2] 范超群[2] 张春艳[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学体育学院,山西临汾041000 [2]北京体育大学,北京100084

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2011年第7期70-73,77,共5页Journal of Beijing Sport University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划"运动风险评估关键技术研究"(课题编号:2006BAK33B02)

摘　　要：目的：探讨普通成年人在逐级递增负荷运动至＂力竭＂时心血管机能变化特征及不同身体质量指数（BMI）、有无运动习惯对其的影响。方法：266名20-59岁的普通成年人为对象,测试运动至＂力竭＂时心率、血压等指标,分析不同年龄段人群逐级递增负荷状态下血管机能的变化,同时分析了不同BMI、有无运动习惯对心血管机能变化的影响。结果：男性力竭时的收缩压上升较同年龄段女性高,超过200mmHg者占14.2%;男女受试者中舒张压超过110 mmHg者占4.5%;脉压差超过100 mmHg占总人数的22.2%,在男性受试者占到男性总人数的1/3以上。在相同负荷下,肥胖人群心血管机能指标的上升幅度比正常者大;有运动习惯者的血管机能指标上升幅度比无运动习惯者小。结论：在运动终止时不同年龄段人群脉压差的值均发生较大的变化,且其是心血管风险事件发生的主要影响因素之一,因此在运动负荷试验中应该密切观察它的变化;BMI≥28者在运动试验中血压变化较正常者明显;有运动习惯者心血管系统对于运动刺激会形成能量节省化的状态,对运动负荷的反应小于无运动者,因此不能单独以运动时间或负荷强度而终止试验。To examine the changes of cardiovascular function in GXT to exhaustive exercise and to investigate the relationships between the changes and Body mass index,exercise habit,exercise tests were conducted in non-trained adults.Methods：266 normal 20 to 59-year-old adult men and women as objects,analysis the cardiovascular function（eg： heart rate,blood pressure and other indicators） changes in different age groups,and the changes of different body mass index（BMI）,with or without exercise habits effect the changes of cardiovascular function.Results： The systolic blood pressure increased faster in the exhausted men than in the females at the same age,accounting for 14.2%,more than 200mmHg.Male and female subjects with diastolic blood pressure over 110mmHg were 4.5%.The ones with more than 100mmHg pulse pressure account for 22.2% of the total number,and that of the males is over 1/3 of total males.The results also suggest the same load,obesity cardiovascular function indicators rises larger than the normal.The vascular function indices of the ones with exercise habit rise slower than those without exercise habits.Conclusion： In the termination of the movement,the value of pulse pressure of different age groups changed significantly.And the pulse pressure was a predictor of future cardiovascular events in a separate risk factor,so in the exercise stress test for the changes it should be closely observed.The ones with BMI≥28 in blood pressure during exercise test have more significant change than normal.The exercise habit cardiovascular exercise to stimulate the formation of the energy savings of the state,the response is less than the no exercise load movement.The exercises can not be terminated simply but the training time and load.

关 键 词：普通成年人 运动负荷试验 血管机能 身体质量指数 

分 类 号：G804.49[文化科学—运动人体科学]