吉林省玉米杂交种主要农艺性状演变趋势  

Development Tendency for Agronomic Traits of Maize Hybrids in Jilin Province

作　　者：衣洪坤[1] 李继竹[1] 梁雨娟[1] 王贺[1] 邵冰[1] 杨伟光[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学农学院,长春130118

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2011年第5期473-477,484,共6页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：农业部转基因生物新品种培育重大项目(2009ZX08003-024B);农业部"948"项目(2009-Z1)

摘　　要：选用20世纪80年代以来吉林省主推玉米杂交种17个,采用多重比较、相关分析、通径分析等方法分析了其农艺性状的变化规律及其与产量的关系。结果表明:随着年代的更替,单株产量、百粒重、穗长、穗行数、子粒长呈显著提高趋势,病株率(玉米丝黑穗、玉米螟害)呈显著下降趋势,株高和穗位高呈平稳发展趋势。通径分析结果表明:各农艺性状对产量的直接作用大小依次为单株产量>百粒重>穗长>子粒长>穗行数>病株率>穗位高>株高>秃尖长,表明玉米产量提高的主要原因是单株产量、百粒重和穗长增加的结果。在品种选育过程中应着重改良单株产量和百粒重,提高穗长,并协调百粒重与其他性状间的关系。Main agronomic traits of seventeen representative maize varieties selected in Jilin province in the latest 30 years were studied.By the methods of Duncan′s multiple test,correlation and path coefficients were analyzed.The results showed that the characteristics such as single plant yield,100-kernel weight,ear length,rows per ear and kernel length significantly increased while disease plant rate（sporisorium reilianum,corn borer）significantly decreased.Plant height and ear height exhibited a steady developing trend.Path coefficients showed an order of the contribution of agronomic traits to yield from large to small： single plant yield100-kernel weightear lengthkernel lengthrows per eardisease plant rateplant heightear lengthbald head length,indicating that the improved single plant yield,100-kernel weight and ear length played an important role in yield development.In order to further improve maize production,we should put more emphasize on single plant yield and 100-kernel weight,increase ear length,and coordinate the relationship between 100-kernel weight and other agronomic traits.

关 键 词：玉米 杂交种 农艺性状 演变趋势 

分 类 号：S513.032[农业科学—作物学]