我国合作社法人的分类与归属  

On Classification and Status of Cooperatives as Legal Persons

作　　者：朱晓娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学

出　　处：《北方法学》2011年第4期18-23,共6页Northern Legal Science

基　　金：教育部人文社科研究项目"合作社主体地位与立法研究"(项目编号08JD820002)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：各国合作社法几乎均规定了合作社的法人主体地位,自德国以降的各国民法典在主体理论上都或多或少地受到了德国民法典"理性—主体—意志"图式的影响。具备一定条件的组织或团体最终被确认为法律主体是因为其符合传统民法所要求的"理性",即具备独立的意思及独立承担责任的物质基础。合作社作为一种特殊的具备经济与社会双重特征的团体组织,符合理性要求下的法人条件,属于作为民事主体的法人。法人自产生之日起,学理就依据不同的标准对其进行分类,虽然经过数千年的历史演进,对传统的法人分类基本上已达成了共识。然而在我国进行民法典立法的背景下,重新研究法人分类仍有其意义。对法人分类的研究有助于指导立法,对于一些新出现的法人组织进行归类以确定对其采取的立法政策、宗旨和技术。A cooperative is formulated as a legal person in most countries＇ cooperative laws,in which the German Civil Code has a substantial influence with regard to its ＂ration—subject—idea＂ typology.Organizations or associations can be defined as legal subjects only if they have ＂ration＂ required by traditional civil laws,that is,the material basis for independent ideas and assuming liabilities independently.As special associations with both economic and social features,cooperatives are legal persons since they have the required ration.Although classification of legal persons has already reached consensus based on historic evolvement,it is still suggested to renew the study during the legislation of our Civil Code.The classification of legal persons helps legislation on newly appeared legal persons and the corresponding application of legal policies,purpose and techniques.

关 键 词：合作社 法人 非营利组织 

分 类 号：DF413.8[政治法律—经济法学]