静电纺丝技术在超级电容器中的应用  

Electrospinning Application in Supercapacitors

作　　者：靳瑜[1,2] 姚辉[1,2] 陈名海[2] 刘宁[1] 李清文[2] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学材料科学与工程学院,合肥230009 [2]中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所,苏州215123

出　　处：《材料导报》2011年第15期21-26,共6页Materials Reports

基　　金：苏州市科技发展计划项目(SYG201018)

摘　　要：静电纺丝是一种新型的非纺织成丝技术,具有适用材料体系广泛、纤维尺寸结构可控、工艺简便等特点,是制备连续纳米纤维的重要方法。静电纺丝技术制备的纳米纤维薄膜因具有巨大的纳米表面和网状孔隙结构可调等优势,在超级电容器领域显示出诱人的应用前景。综述了近年来静电纺丝技术在超级电容器电极材料和隔膜材料方面的研究进展,介绍了碳基、金属氧化物和聚合物电极材料高活性纳米纤维的制备方法及电化学行为,以及静电纺丝无纺布作为隔膜材料显示出的巨大优势,并总结了制约静电纺丝走向商业化的不利因素,如产率低、薄膜强度不足、喷丝不稳定等,最后介绍了近年来静电纺丝技术在结构可控、规模化制备的产业进展,并展望了其在超级电容器领域中的商业化应用前景。Electrospinning, as a novel non-textile filament technology, is an important method to prepare con tinuous nanofibers and has shown its remarkable advantages, such as broad applicable material system, controllable fiber size and structure, simple process, and so on. The electrospun nanofibers have shown promising applications in supercapacitors owing to their large nano-surface and adjustable network pore structure. The recent advances in supercapacitor electrode materials and separator materials prepared by electrospinning technique are reviewed, including the preparation and electrochemical behaviors of carbon-based, metal oxide and polymer electrode materials nanofibers with high electrical activity, and the advantages of electrospun nonwoven materials as membrane. Besides, adverse factors for hindering the commercialization of electrospinning technique, such as low yields, lack of film strength, spinning instability and so on, are also summarized. Finally, the new progresses in structure control and large-scale industrial manufacture by electrospinning are introduced and the commercialization prospects of electrospinning in supercapacitors are also imagined.

关 键 词：静电纺丝 超级电容器 比电容量 电极 隔膜 

分 类 号：TQ342.83[化学工程—化纤工业]