重庆四面山根系及土壤特性对优先路径分布的影响  

Effect of Roots and Soil Properties on Preferential Flow Paths Distribution in Simian Mountains, Chongqing

作　　者：程金花[1] 张洪江[1] 张晓晖 王伟[1] 王冉[1] 吴煜禾[1] 吕文星[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [2]北京市水务局,北京100038

出　　处：《世界科技研究与发展》2011年第4期519-523,共5页World Sci-Tech R&D

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30900866;40171014);国家十一五科技支撑项目(2006BAD03A1304);瑞典IFS基金项目(D/3492-2)

摘　　要：通过分析不同土地利用状况(林地,灌草地和农地)下优先路径分布特征、土壤特性、及根系状况,探讨根系和土壤特性对优先路径的影响。采用染色法分析了三种不同土地利用状况下6块样地的优先路径分布,并分析了优先路径与根长密度、根孔和根面积之间的关系。结果表明,所有土地利用状况下0～10 cm土壤染色面积超过50%,在20 cm以下,染色面积小于30%。染色区有机质比非染色区高出5～20%。土壤中优先路径所占比例与直径小于9mm的根系、根孔和根面积显著相关。不同土地利用状况的垂直分布十分不同。在土壤表层,灌草地和农地优先路径比林地所占比例大,而在土壤深层,林地优先路径所占比例比灌草地和农地大。In order to investigate the distribution characteristics of preferential flow paths under different land uses （forestland, shrubs land, and farmland） , the effects of roots and soil properties on preferential flow paths were explored. Dye tracer experiments were carried out on six sites with three types of land use. The relationships between the preferential flow paths and root lengths per soil volume, root holes and root surface area were analyzed by partial correlation method. Results showed that the upper 0 - 10 cm depth of the soil in all land uses had more than 50% dye coverage,and below 20 cm depth, the dye stained area was less than 30%. The soil organic matter content was approximately 5 - 20% higher in the preferential flow paths area than that in the soil matrix. The percent of preferential flow paths in soll was significantly affected by roots with a diameter of less than 5 ram, root holes and root surface area. The vertical distribution is quite different in various land uses. Shrubs land and farmland have more preferential flow paths in the top soil layers than forestland, and the situation conversed in deeper soil layers.

关 键 词：优先路径 图像分析 土壤特性 根系特征 土地利用 

分 类 号：S714.7[农业科学—林学]