高硅铝比钾离子筛的合成及其对K^+的交换性能  

Synthesis of High SiO_2/Al_2O_3 Ion-sieve for Potassium and Its Exchange Capability to K^+

作　　者：张运秋[1] 袁俊生[2] 付云朋[1] 侯进[1] 闫圣娟[1] 高旭俊[1] 朱孔秀[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室,青岛266100 [2]河北工业大学教育部海水利用技术工程研究中心,天津300130

出　　处：《硅酸盐通报》2011年第4期880-886,共7页Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑重大项目课题(2006BAB03A10);山东省自然科学基金(2009ZRB019VB);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(201013013)资助项目

摘　　要：以NaAlO2、水玻璃为原料,KOH为碱源,利用水热法合成了高硅铝比钾离子筛。考察了硅铝比、碱度、模板剂、晶化温度和晶化时间对钾离子筛晶相结构、产率和交换容量的影响,通过X射线衍射、化学组成分析、扫描电镜、热重差热分析、Fourier红外光谱对样品进行了表征。结果表明:以四丁基溴化铵为模板剂,物质的量比为6.68K2O∶19.3SiO2∶1Al2O3∶624H2O,120℃条件下合成12 h,获得的高硅铝比钾离子筛为钾型钙十字沸石,化学组成为Si21Al5.1K2.4Na2O55.8H2O;离子筛对纯钾溶液和海水中钾离子的交换量分别达123.22 mg/g和56.96 mg/g,对K+/Na+的选择性系数为95.46,可用于从海水中选择性分离钾盐。Using NaAlO2 and solbule glass as raw materials, KOH as the alkali source, the high SiO2/Al2O3 ion-sieve was prepared by hydrothermal method. The effects of SiO2/Al2O3, alkalinity, template agents, crystallization temperature and crystallization time on the crystalline structure of ion sieve, yield and exchange capacity were investigated. The samples was characterized by X-ray diffraction, chemical composition analysis, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results show that using tetrabutyl ammonium bromide as template agent, when the amount of substance mole ratio is 6. 68K2O： 19.3SiO2：1Al2O3： 624H2O, at 120 ℃ for 12 h, the high SiO2/Al2O3 potassium ion sieve synthesized is Phillipsite-K, and its chemical formula is Si21Al5.1K2.4Na2O55 - 8H2O. The exchange capacities of the ion-sieve to K ＋ in pure potassium solution and seawater are 123.22 mg/g and 56.96 mg/g respectively, and its selectivity coefficient to K ＋ in the mixed solution of K ＋ and Na＋ is 95.46. The ion-sieve has high selectivity to K ＋ , and can be used to extract potash selectively from seawater.

关 键 词：高硅铝比 钾离子筛 水热合成 离子交换容量 选择性 

分 类 号：TQ131[化学工程—无机化工]