稻秸生物水解的影响因子  

Factors affecting biological hydrolysis of rice straw

作　　者：朱瑾[1,2] 叶小梅[2] 常志州[2] 王世梅[1] 邹敦强 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境学院,江苏南京210095 [2]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,江苏南京210014 [3]浙江省衢州市土肥与农村能源技术推广站,浙江衢州324002

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2011年第4期763-769,共7页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业部行业计划(200903011-01);浙江省重大科技专项重点农业项目(2009C12067)

摘　　要：生物水解是利用秸秆制取气态或液态生物质能产品的重要步骤,而提高秸秆水解率与速率是秸秆生物气化或液化的关键技术之一。为进一步提高秸秆水解率,本试验以稻秸为材料,探讨了添加麸皮、无机营养盐、表面活性剂及调节初始pH值对毛头鬼伞菌(Coprinus comatus)水解稻秸速率的影响。结果表明:添加麸皮和营养盐的处理与未添加麸皮、无机营养盐、表面活性剂和未调节初始pH值的对照相比,并未明显提高稻秸生物水解率,而添加表面活性剂Tween-80则能显著提高稻秸生物水解率,其中添加5.0%Tween-80的处理,水解10 d,半纤维素降解率为22.90%,较对照提高了50.59%;水解5 d还原糖含量达到峰值,为9.37%,较对照提高了47.51%;水解5 d后的水解液经8 d厌氧发酵,累积产甲烷量达196.17 ml/g SCOD,较对照提高了79.89%,且甲烷含量发酵2 d即升至55.76%,大大缩短了稻秸厌氧发酵启动的时间。Rice straw has complex,stable and recalcitrant lignocellulosic structure,resulting in low biohydrolysis performance during anaerobic digestion.Improving hydrolysis efficiency is crucial for utilization of rice straw as substrate for biogas or liguid energy.In this study,the influence of wheat bran,inorganic nutrients,surfactants and initial pH on rice straw bioydrolysis with Coprinus comatu were investigated.Wheat bran and inorganic nutrients had no effect on straw hydrolysis,but addition of Tween-80 significantly improved hydrolysis of rice straw.In 5.0%Tween addition treatment,the hemicellulose degradation was increased by 50.59% after 10-d dydrolysis,and the reducing sugar concentration reached the maximum（9.37%） on the fifth day,which was 47.51% higher than control.The methane production converted from the hydrolysate derived from 5-d hydrolyzation of rice straw was 196.17ml/g SCOD,79.89% higher than control.The methane content reached 55.76% on the second day,indicating the initial of anaerobic fementation was greatly shortened.

关 键 词：稻秸 生物水解 毛头鬼伞菌 

分 类 号：S511.099[农业科学—作物学]