多年生植物的芽休眠及调控机理研究进展  

Progress in Research on Bud Dormancy and Its Regulation Mechanisms in Perennial Plants

作　　者：王新超[1] 马春雷[1] 杨亚军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院茶叶研究所茶树资源和改良研究中心,国家茶树改良中心,杭州310008

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2011年第4期589-595,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.30872059);现代农业(茶叶)产业技术体系建设项目资助(No.CARS-23)~~

摘　　要：芽休眠是一种有益的生物学特性,能够使多年生植物避开不利的环境条件,使种群在不利环境条件下得以生存.综述了多年生植物芽休眠的机制及其调控的研究进展.芽休眠是一个受多个因素和多种基因综合调控的复杂生命现象,其形成和解除受到光照、温度、水分等外界环境因素的影响和调控.在这个过程中,植物体内的激素、糖类、多胺和Ca2+等信号分子以及抗氧化酶类和能量代谢酶类等发生一系列的变化与之相适应.这些变化是在相应的基因表达调控下实现的,这些基因涉及到光、温响应基因,水分响应基因,能量代谢基因,胁迫响应基因,激素相关基因,以及MADS-box转录因子等,它们构成一个复杂的调控网络,共同控制着芽休眠的形成与解除.结合研究课题提出今后芽休眠机制的研究方向以及在农业上的应用前景.Bud dormancy can help perennial plants in avoiding or resisting environmental stresses. With this adaptation stratedgy, the species survive and the population persists through the harsh seasons. Recent research on bud dormancy and its regulation mechanism was summarized and reviewed. It was concluded that bud dormancy as a complex biological phenomenon, was controlled by many factors and genes. The changes of environment factors such as light, temperature and water would affect and regulate the formation and release of bud dormancy. During this procedure, the inside physiological changes happened, including changes of signal substances, e. g. hormone, carbohydrate, polyamine, Ca^2＋, and some antioxidase and energy metabolism-related enzymes. These changes were regulated by the corresponding genes, such as light- and temperaturecorresponding genes, water corresponding genes, energy metabolism-related genes, stress-related genes, hormone-related genes, and MADS-box transcription factors, which constituted complex gene regulatory network and regulate the formation and release of bud dormancy. Some research topics on the mechanisms of bud dormancy for future studies were also proposed. Fig 1, Ref67

关 键 词：多年生植物 芽休眠 生理机制 分子机制 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]