高曝气量引发的活性污泥粘性膨胀研究  

Viscous Activated Sludge Bulking Caused by High Aeration Rate

作　　者：刘旭亮[1] 彭永臻[1,2] 彭赵旭[1] 于振波[1] 柴同志[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [2]北京工业大学环境与能源学院,北京100124

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2011年第17期1-5,共5页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：北京市属高等学校人才强教计划高层次人才资助项目(PHR20090502);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(20091103110011)

摘　　要：采用4个序批式反应器(SBR)处理人工配水,研究了曝气量(20、40、80、160 L/h)对活性污泥沉降性的影响,且对比考察了各系统在污泥粒径、胞外聚合物以及脱氮除磷等方面的特性差异。结果表明:在曝气量为40 L/h时反应器内污泥沉降性良好,曝气量为80 L/h时发生了轻微粘性污泥膨胀,而曝气量为160 L/h时则发生了严重的粘性膨胀,SVI高达600 mL/g。高曝气量下粘性膨胀污泥絮体粒径减小,胞外多糖和蛋白质含量分别下降了20%和40%。粘性膨胀系统的脱氮效果良好,而除磷能力严重恶化。分析认为絮体平均粒径变小、除磷的恶化和胞外多糖的存在是该条件下引发粘性膨胀的主要因素,而降低曝气量可有效抑制粘性膨胀。Four sequencing batch reactors were used for treating synthetic wastewater, the effects of aeration rates of 20, 40, 80 and 160 L/h on activated sludge settleability were studied, and the characteristic differences of four reactors in sludge particle size, extracellular polymeric substances, nitrogen and phosphorus removal were investigated. Good settleability of activated sludge is observed when the aeration rate is 40 L/h. Viscous sludge bulking is slight at aeration rate of 80 L/h and becomes serious at aeration rate of 160 L/h with SVI of 600 mL/g. At high aeration rate, the particle size of sludge with viscous hulking is decreased, the extracellular polysaccharide and protein contents are reduced by 20% and 40%, respectively. The viscous bulking system keeps a good performance of nitrogen removal, but the phosphorus removal capacity is seriously deteriorated. The reduction in average particle size of sludge, the deterioration of phosphorus removal and the existence of extracellular polysaccharides are supposed to be the main factors leading to the viscous sludge bulking. Reducing aeration rate can inhibit viscous sludge bulking.

关 键 词：粘性膨胀 沉降性 曝气量 胞外聚合物(EPS) 脱氮除磷 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]