食藻虫引导的沉水植被修复景观水体的应用研究  

Study on Application of Daphnia magna and Submerged Vegetation to Remediation of Landscape Water

作　　者：夏哲韬[1] 史惠祥[1] 李遥[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境工程研究所,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2011年第17期26-30,共5页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07101-006-09)

摘　　要：在西溪湿地进行了食藻虫引导沉水植被生态修复富营养化水体的现场试验。在修复区水体中引入经过驯化的食藻虫来滤食蓝藻等浮游藻类,然后移植苦草、轮叶黑藻、伊乐藻、龙须眼子菜等沉水植物。于2010年9月—2011年2月,对水体的水质指标进行了逐月监测,分析对西溪湿地水体的净化效果及其稳定性。结果表明:修复区水体的叶绿素a、TN、NO3--N、NH4+-N、TP、PO34--P和CODMn浓度相比于对照区分别低45.6%、68.8%、97.6%、71.5%、65.7%、68.5%和67.4%,DO增加了88.3%,水体透明度达到2.0 m以上,水质达到国家地表水Ⅱ～Ⅲ类水质标准。2011年3月在试验区引入未修复区内的劣Ⅴ类水进行试验,1个月后各水质指标值均显著低于对照区的(P<0.01),修复区水体的TN、TP和CODMn浓度相比对照区分别减少了78.2%、50%和43.7%,DO增加了22.4%,透明度达到1.5 m。A field test of bioremediation of eutrophic water by Daphnia magna and submerged vegetation was conducted in Xixi wetland. Domesticated Daphnia magna was introduced into the water body of restoration area to ingest cyanobacteria and other phytoplanktons, and subsequently, submerged plants, such as Vallisneria, Hydrilla verticillata, Elodea canadensis and Potamogeton pectinatus were transplanted. From September 2010 to February 2011, water samples were monitored to investigate bioremediation efficiency and stability. The experiment data show that compared with the control area, Chl-a, TN, NO3- - N, NH4＋ - N, TP, PO4^3- - P and CODMn in the water body of restoration area are decreased by 45.6%, 68.8%, 97.6%, 71.5%, 65.7%, 68.5% and 67.4% respectively, DO is increased by 88.3% , and Secehi depth （SD） reaches over 2.0 m. Overall, the water quality meets the Ⅱ to Ⅲ criteria specified in the national surface water quality standard. In March 2011, the inferior V water was introduced into the restoration area to test the effectiveness of the established experiment system. The results show that after one month, all the water-quality indices are significantly lower compared with the control area （P 〈0.01）, TN, TP and CODMn are reduced by 78.2%, 50% and 43.7%, the DO is increased by 22.4%, and the SD reaches 1.5 m.

关 键 词：景观水体 食藻虫 沉水植被 西溪湿地 生态修复 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]