日本应对国际贸易摩擦的经验和教训及其对中国的启示  

Japan's Experience and Lessons Dealing with Trade Frictions and Lessons for China

作　　者：戴龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学国际法学院

出　　处：《当代亚太》2011年第4期74-90,74,共17页Journal of Contemporary Asia-Pacific Studies

基　　金：2009年国家社科基金重大转重点项目"应对国际贸易摩擦和争端的协调机制研究"(项目批准号09AZD014);2010年度教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"反垄断法域外管辖制度研究"(项目批准号10YJC820018)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：日本在20世纪70年代成为世界第二经济大国后,和美国的贸易摩擦日益激化。在GATT时代,日美贸易摩擦多以日本应诉美国的反托拉斯诉讼及双边政府间谈判的方式解决;在WTO时代,日本转而运用WTO多边争端解决机制来应对日美贸易冲突,并取得了一定的成功。在应对与美国的贸易摩擦的过程中,日本形成了"官(政府)产(产业界)学(学界)"三位一体的协调应对机制,有效地遏制了美国肆意发动的单边主义贸易保护行为。目前,中国面临的国际贸易环境和日本经济崛起时极为相似,研究日本应对国际贸易摩擦和解决争端的对策机制,对于我们具有重要的借鉴意义。As Japan became the World＇s second largest economy in the 1970s, it saw trade frictions with the United States increase rapidly. Under the GATT, trade frictions between the two countries were generally resolved by anti-dumping suits filed by the United States and through bilateral negotiations between the two governments. Under the WTO, Japan shifted to use the WTO＇s multi-lateral dispute resolution mechanisms to resolve disputes with a good deal of success. In specific cases of trade frictions, Japan crafted a three tiered coordination mechanism which involved government, industry and scholars （track two）. This functioned to effectively inhibit the US from engaging in unilateral trade protectionism. At present, China faces an international trade environment similar to that faced by Japan as it made its economic rise, and as such China can learn much from studying the policy mechanisms that Japan developed in response to trade frictions and disputes.

关 键 词：贸易摩擦 WTO多边争端解决机制 反托拉斯法 

分 类 号：F753.13[经济管理—国际贸易] F752.02[经济管理—产业经济]