不同水生植物配置对河涌污水的净化效果  

The purification effect of different aquaticplant configurations on rivulet sewage

作　　者：孙映波[1] 梅瑜[1] 操君喜[1] 孔旭晖[2] 尤毅[1] 李冬梅[1] 刘金维[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院花卉研究所//广东省园林花卉种质创新综合利用重点实验室,广东广州510640 [2]华南农业大学农学院,广东广州510640

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2011年第6期1123-1126,共4页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2008B030302041)

摘　　要：研究不同配置的挺水植物组合对河涌污水污染物的净化效果,为在河涌污水治理上构建有效的人工湿地植物处理系统提供依据。选择10种净化能力较强的挺水植物,组成6种不同配置的挺水植物组合,采用无土栽培的方式模拟人工湿地的环境进行静态培养试验,测定出不同水生植物组合及在不同污水的停留时间(HRT)下对河涌污水污染物的去除率。6种不同配置的水生植物组合在HRT为5 d时对NH4+-N、TN、TP、CODCr、BOD5的去除率(平均去除率分别为98.2%、81.2%、91.3%、71.8%、79.4%)均较高;以组合1:香根草Vetiveria zizanioides+风车草Cyperus alternifolius+美人蕉Canna indica+菖蒲Acorus calamus+再力花Thalia dealbata的处理效果为最佳。不同水生植物系统对污水的净化效率取决于HRT,当HRT从1～5 d时,NH4+-N、TN、TP去除率每天的增幅均逐渐增加,当HRT从5～7 d时,NH4+-N、TN、TP去除率每天的增幅却均迅速下降;说明3种不同配置的水生植物系统对河涌污水NH4+-N、TN、TP的净化效率均以HRT为5 d时最高。To provide evidence for constructing the artificial wetland system by aquatic plants,this study researches the purification effects of different assembled aquatic plants on rivulet sewage.Ten aquatic plants,which have strong purification ability,composed into six combinations.The aquatic plants were cultured in static and soilless simulated wetland environment.The removal rate of the pollutants in rivulet sewage was tested,by different combinations under different hydraulic retention time（HRT）.Six combinations of aquatic plants showed high removal rates of NH4＋–N,TN,TP,CODCr and BOD5,when HRT was at fifth day.Their average removal rates were 98.2%,81.2%,91.3%,71.8%,79.4%,respectively.Vetiveria zizanioides,Cyperus alternifolius,Canna indica,Acorus calamus and Thalia dealbata in group one showed the best effect among all the combinations.The purification efficiency of different aquatic plant systems depends on HRT.When HRT was from first to fifth day,the removal rates of NH4＋–N,TN and TP increased gradually everyday.When HRT was from fifth to seventh day,the removal rates of NH4＋–N,TN and TP decreased rapidly day by day.These results indicated that when HRT was at fifth day,the three different aquatic plants combinations had the highest purification efficiency of NH4＋–N,TN and TP in rivulet sewage.

关 键 词：水生植物 河涌污水 污染物 净化效果 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]