环境影响评价基础数据库标准规范体系研究  

Study on Standard and Specification System of Environment Impact Assessment Basic Database

作　　者：王卷乐[1] 赵晓宏[2] 马胜男[3] 诸云强[1] 丁峰[2] 孙崇亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京100101 [2]环境保护部环境工程评估中心,北京100012 [3]中国标准化研究院,北京100088

出　　处：《环境科学与管理》2011年第8期168-173,共6页Environmental Science and Management

基　　金：环境保护部环境工程评估中心"环境影响评价基础数据库建设--标准规范与指标设计"项目资助

摘　　要：环境影响评价基础数据库是对环境影响评价的重要资源信息支撑,其自身的标准化水平直接关系到环境影响评价基础数据的持续积累、开发利用和共享服务,当前迫切需要建立其标准规范体系。本文分析了环境影响评价基础数据库标准规范在环境标准中的定位和业务需求,基于对国内外相关资源信息标准体系对比分析,提出了包括三类标准的体系结构,即指导标准、通用标准和专用标准。借鉴开放地理空间联盟(OGC)参考模型的企业视角,设计了环境影响评价基础数据库标准规范体系框架,具体包括4项指导标准、涵盖6类标准子项的30项通用标准和若干专用标准。基于已有实践经验,提出了标准规范制定的4条基本原则。Environment Impact Assessment（EIA） basic database is one of the most important infrastructures for EIA and envi-ronmental protection. It needs perfect standards and specifications system to improve basic data accumulation, public sharing and application. According to the standards and specifications requirements, this paper analyzes the orientation and functions in the National Environment Standards System, then proposed the common system architecture based on the comparison of information standards system of National Land Resources, Agriculture Resources, Scientific Data Sharing Program and ISO19100 Geographical Information. The system architecture includes3 layers, i. e. , guidance standards, universal standards and thematic standards. Taken the Enterprise View of OGC reference model for reference, the paper designs the detail standards and specifications system of EIA basic database. It includes4 kinds of guidance standards, 30 kinds of universal standards and some kinds of thematic standards. Universal standards can be divided into6 classes, i. e. , data class, catalogue class, application class, management class, security class and infrastructure class. Based on practice experiments in scientific data management and sharing, the paper proposed 4 kinds of basic principles for its application.

关 键 词：环境影响评价 基础数据库 标准规范体系 环境标准 

分 类 号：X820.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X650