采用加速溶剂萃取法提高微藻油脂萃取量的优化条件研究  

Optimal extraction conditions for increasing microalgal lipid yield based on an accelerated solvent extraction method

作　　者：林汝榕[1] 蔡文旋[1] 柯秀蓉[1] 邢炳鹏[1] 林锡煌[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局海洋大气化学与全球变化重点实验室国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《台湾海峡》2011年第3期437-443,共7页Journal of Oceanography In Taiwan Strait

基　　金：国家海洋公益性行业科研专项资金资助项目(200705025)

摘　　要：设计4因子5水平的正交实验方案[采用正交表L25(56)],通过确定加速溶剂萃取法(ASE)处理的最优化条件,包括萃取溶剂、萃取温度、萃取时间和萃取循环次数,达到快速萃取微藻油脂并且萃取量高的效果.结果表明,除循环次数外,其他萃取条件因子均能显著影响油脂萃取量(p<0.035).在萃取溶剂为无水乙醇或丙酮、温度为175℃、萃取时间为16 min、循环次数为3次的最优处理条件下,微藻油脂萃取量最高(19.20%～21.36%).与常规的索氏萃取法相比,萃取量可提高39.08%～47.09%.采用ASE法在最优化条件下萃取微藻油脂可以达到良好效果.Biofuel, as an alternative fuel, is recently attracting increasing attention. Many studies have been performed on the cultivation of various microalgae and extraction of algal lipids for further biofuel production. To obtain higher algal lipid yield, it is crucial to adopt appropriate methods and conditions for lipid extraction. Traditional methods of microalgal lipid extraction are difficult and consume large amounts of toxic organic solvents along with a long operation time. This study investigated and determined optimal treatment conditions including extraction sol- vents （hexane, chloroform, petroleum ether, ethanol, and acetone）, temperature （75- 175~C）, time （4 20 rain） , and cycle （ 1 - 5） through the designation of an orthogonal experimentation with four factors and five levels in order to achieve rapid and efficient lipid extraction from microalgae using an accelerated solvent extraction method （ASE）. The current study determined that all extraction factors （excluding cycle） significantly influenced microalgal lipid yield （p 〈0. 035） , which ranged between 2.98% -21.36%. alga depending on different extraction conditions. The highest lipid extraction values reached 19.21% -21.36%. alga under optimal treatments with solvents such as ethanol or acetone, 175~C , 16 min, 3 cycles and increased lipid extraction by 39.08% -47.09% in comparison with the conventional Soxhlet method. Therefore, a rapid and effective lipid yield maximum could be obtained using optimal ASE treatment conditions for microalgal lipid extraction.

关 键 词：海洋生物学 微藻 油脂萃取 索氏萃取法 加速溶剂萃取法 正交实验 萃取条件 

分 类 号：P735[天文地球—海洋生物学]