明清女性的职业选择  

Female Occupation Choice in Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：赵崔莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学全球化与中国现代化问题研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《安徽师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2011年第4期482-487,共6页Journal of Anhui Normal University(Hum.&Soc.Sci.)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地2007年度重大项目(07JJD770110);对外经济贸易大学校级科研课题(7500010420)

摘　　要：在中国古代社会,妇女择业不占优势。至明清时期,社会结构开始变化、商品经济迅速发展,推动女性参与就业;官府政策调整、社会观念转变以及女性文化素养和劳动技能的提高,促使她们参与经济活动,从事多种多样的社会职业,涉及农业、工商及服务等领域。此时的女性择业形成如下特色:形式灵活多样、择业优势渐显、家务与社会劳动兼有、从业群体扩大和职业层次提升。China＇s ancient society is one with disadvantageous position for female occupation on the whole.However,in Ming and Qing Dynasties,social structure changed and commercial economy developed rapidly,which altogether prompted females to participate in occupation activities;meanwhile,official policy＇s readjustment,social notions transformation,and female＇s culture accomplishment and working skills improvement,altogether prompted females of Ming and Qing Dynasties to exquisitely grasp various commercial chances and engage in different economic occupations which included agriculture,industry,commerce,service,culture and folk art,and etc.Female occupation has characteristics in Ming and Qing Dynasties,such as diversified forms,occupation superiority,coexistent housework and social labor,more volume,and advanced occupation level.

关 键 词：明清 女性 职业 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学] K249[历史地理—中国史]