我国西南地区典型县城气温演变特征——以贵州省湄潭县为例  

The Evolutionary Characteristics of the Temperature in Typical Counties in Southwest China

作　　者：冯婧[1,2] 秦天玲[1,2] 高宇[1,2] 李立新[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院水资源研究所,北京100038

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2011年第21期13051-13054,13069,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展(973)计划资助项目(2010CB951102);国家自然科学基金创新研究群体基金项目(51021066)

摘　　要：利用线性趋势法对湄潭县1951～2009年逐日气温资料进行分析。结果表明,湄潭县气温总体呈上升趋势,以1980年为转折点,之前呈下降趋势,其后气温增加趋势加快。其中,年平均气温、年极端最高气温、年极端最低气温的气候倾向率分别为0.11、0.08和0.36℃/10a;春、夏、秋、冬平均温度的气候倾向率分别为0.12、0.07、0.12、0.13℃/10a。采用Morlet小波函数分析气温变化周期性,其存在不同尺度的周期,但自2000年以后不同时间尺度上大部分处在增温时期;且极端最高气温和最低气温的周期性具有一定规律:20世纪70年代之前,两者具有相反的变化规律,其极值交互发生;而20世纪80年代后期,两者具有相似的变化规律,其极值同时发生。在全球变暖背景下,湄潭县气温演变对全球变暖响应明显。Based on the method of linear trending,analysis was made upon the daily temperature statistics of Meitan County from 1951 to 2009,and the results showed that the temperature in general was on the rise.With 1980 as the turning point,it declined before while later the temperature increased quickly.Among these figures,the variation rates of annual average temperature,annual maximum temperature,and annual minimum temperature are 0.11 ℃ /10 a,0.08 ℃ /10 a,and 0.36 ℃ /10 a.The variation rates of average temperature in spring,summer,fall and winter are respectively 0.12 ℃ /10 a,0.07 ℃ /10 a,0.12 ℃ /10 a,and 0.13 ℃ /10 a.Morlet wavelet was adopted to analyze the periodicity of temperature change which has periods of different scales.But since 2000,during different time scales most of the areas have been in the period of temperature rising.Besides,certain rule exists in the periodicity of maximum temperature and minimum temperature.Before 1970s,they had opposite changing rules,and the alteration of the peak value occurred.However,in the late 1980s,they had similar changing rules,and their peak values appeared at the same time.It means that against the background of global warming,the reaction of temperature evolution in Meitan County is quite remarkable.

关 键 词：湄潭县 气温演变特征 MORLET小波 线性回归 

分 类 号：P463.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]