田块尺度下冻融前后土壤剖面盐分空间变异性研究  

Study on the Spatial Variability of Soil Salt Content Fore-and-aft Freezing in the Farmland of Qitai County

作　　者：李宝富[1,2] 熊黑钢[3,2] 龙桃[1,2] 张建兵[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,乌鲁木齐830046 [2]新疆绿洲生态重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830046 [3]北京联合大学应用文理学院,北京100083

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2011年第4期140-144,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40771194);北京市属高等学校人才强教计划资助项目(PHR200906125)

摘　　要：为明确冻融过程对土壤盐分分布的影响,通过野外采样、室内分析的方法对比分析了奇台县农田冻融前、后土壤含盐量的空间变异性。结果表明:(1)冻融前,表层(0-20 cm)土壤含盐量(0.11%)最低,且基本随着土层深度的增加土壤含盐量逐渐增大。而土壤盐分空间分布的复杂性基本随着土层深度的增加逐渐减小。(2)冻融后,表层(0-20 cm)含盐量(0.14%)变为最高。春季积盐现象明显(主要发生在60 cm深度以上),但尤以表层最为严重(积盐率达30.0%)。模拟秋季灌溉洗盐效果显著,剖面平均(100 cm深度以上)含盐量减少率为8.16%。而且洗盐深度大于100cm。另外,各层土壤含盐量的变异性(中等变异性)未变,但变异系数增大(除40-60cm深度外)。剖面上部土壤盐分的理论模型由指数模型为主均变为高斯模型,且变程增大明显;而底部由高斯模型转为球状模型,且变程变化不大。In order to clarify the effect of freezing process on soil salinity distribution,the paper analyzed comparatively the spatial variability of salinity before and after freezing on the farmland in Qitai by taking samples in the open field and researching in the lab.The results show that before the freezing,soil salt content（0.11%） of surface layer（0-20 cm） is minimum,soil salt content tends to increase with soil depth while the complexity distribution of soil salt content tends to decrease.After the freezing,soil salt content（0.14%） of surface layer is maximum,which indicates that soil salt accumulation rate（30.0%） at the surface layer is significant in spring while soil salt desalination rate is obviously in fall with decreasing 8.16% of salt content in profile（over 100 cm depth）,soil salt desalination depth is beyond 100 cm.In addition,variability of salt content of every soil layers remains unchanged,but the variation coefficient increases（except for 40-60 cm）.Theoretic model of soil salt content on the upper profile varied from Index model to Gauss model with obvious increase,but the bottom section is from Gauss model to Bartlett model with little change.

关 键 词：冻融前后 土壤盐分 空间变异 

分 类 号：S156.41[农业科学—土壤学]