汶川大地震中、小学生创伤后应激障碍影响因素的多水平模型分析  

A MULTILEVEL MODEL ANALYSIS ON THE INFLUENCING FACTORS OF POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER IN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS EXPOSED TO THE WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE

作　　者：彭丹[1] 邓红[2] 张强[1] 赵高锋[2] 庞艳[1] 江国帼[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院卫生统计学教研室 [2]四川大学华西医院心理卫生中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2011年第17期3411-3414,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]客观分析汶川大地震后中、小学生的创伤后应激障碍(Post-traumatic Stress Disorder,PTSD)的影响因素,为地震后心理干预工作提供信息和依据。[方法]运用多水平模型对极重灾区45个中小学校的4282名中小学生的创伤后应激障碍的影响因素进行分析,采用SAS9.2统计软件的PROC MIXED过程分析实现。[结果]创伤后应激障碍筛查量表得分确实在学校水平存在聚集性;汶川大地震中、小学生PTSD的影响因素有:性别、年龄、是否有亲人朋友遇难、是否看到遗体和残肢、是否受伤、震前震后一起生活的人是否一样,前4个因素对PTSD症状得分的影响在学校水平上有差异。[结论]具有层次结构的心理研究资料运用多水平模型进行分析能得到更多的信息;不应忽视学校环境对灾区中小学生心理状况的影响。[Objective]To analyze the influencing actors of post-traumatic stress disorder（PTSD）in primary and secondary schools students exposed to the Wenchuan Earthquake objectively,and provide relevant information and incidence for psychological and medical intervention after the earthquake.[Methods]Analyzed the influencing factors of post-traumatic stress disorder in 4 282 students from 45 primary and secondary schools in the central earthquake area by a multilevel model,meanwhile used the PROC MIXED process of SAS9.2 statistical software to achieve.[Results]The PTSD symptom scores did exist clustering at school level.The significant influencing factors were sex,age,whether they had family or friends killed,whether they saw the bodies or the stumps,whether they had been injured,whether they lived with the same people before and after the earthquake.The top four of these factors varied with the school on the effects of PTSD symptom scores.[Conclusion]Multilevel models can be flexible and efficient for analysis of psychological research data with hierarchical structure.The influence of school environment on mental healthy of the students in disaster area should not be ignored.

关 键 词：多水平模型 中小学生 创伤后应激障碍 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195.1[医药卫生—卫生统计学]