氟化钠对小鼠的急性毒性和致染色体突变作用研究  

The acute toxicity and mutagenic effect of sodium fluoride in mice

作　　者：方芳[1] 马美萍[1] 胡明月[1] 王文蔚[1] 

机构地区：[1]温州医学院环境与公共卫生学院,浙江温州325035

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2011年第8期1914-1916,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

基　　金：温州医学院科技项目(XNK04060)

摘　　要：目的:研究氟化钠对小鼠的急性毒性及致染色体突变作用。方法:采用急性毒性试验和小鼠骨髓微核试验。设35.0 mg/kg、55.56 mg/kg8、8.18 mg/kg1、39.97 mg/kg2、22.18 mg/kg3、52.67 mg/kg5、59.79 mg/kg 7个剂量组NaF,观察氟化钠的急性毒性,计算经口半数致死量(LD50);另设高(34 mg/kg)、中(17 mg/kg)、低(8.5 mg/kg)3个剂量组NaF及环磷酰胺阳性对照组(50 mg/kg)、生理盐水空白对照组,观察小鼠骨髓细胞微核率的变化。结果:急性毒性实验各剂量组中毒小鼠均出现不同程度的抽搐、中枢神经系统先兴奋后抑制等表现,氟化钠经口LD50为168.34 mg/kg;氟化钠能诱变小鼠骨髓细胞微核率增高,中、高剂量组微核率均明显高于空白对照组(P<0.01),低剂量组微核率与空白对照组相比,差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:氟化钠属中等毒性,高浓度氟有致突变作用,能引起染色体损伤,具有潜在的遗传毒性效应。Objective：The aim of the study was to determine the acute toxicity of sodium fluoride on mice and to investigate its mutagenic effect in bone marrow cell chromosome.Methods：Acute toxicity test and micronucleus test of bone marrow in mice were used in this study.In the first set of experiments,mice were given sodium fluoride at doses of 35.0 mg/kg,55.56 mg/kg,88.18 mg/kg,139.97 mg/kg,222.18 mg/kg,352.67 mg/kg,559.79 mg/kg respectively.Mice were observed for 7 days after sodium fluoride.The median lethal dose of oral sodium fluoride（LD50） was calculated.In the second set of experiments,we performed the bone marrow micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes test in mice exposed to sodium fluoride at high（34 mg/kg）,medium（17 mg/kg）,or low dose（8.5 mg/kg）,a group of mice received cyclophosphamide（50 mg/kg） as the positive control,and another group received saline as negative control.The bone marrow was processed for determination of the rate of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes.Results：The results of the acute toxicity experiments showed that all mice in each dose group present different levels of seizures,irritation and then depression.The oral sodium fluoride LD50 = 168.34 mg/kg;The sodium fluoride can induce chromosomal damage as evidenced by the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes.The number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes was significantly higher in the high dose and medium dose groups than those of the saline control group（P 0.01）.However,there was no difference between the low dose group and the saline control group（P0.05）.Conclusion：Sodium fluoride is moderate toxic.The results further indicate that sodium fluoride at moderate or high dose can cause significant increases in the rate of bone marrow micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes,suggesting that the high concentration of sodium fluoride is mutagenic by inducing chromosomal damage.

关 键 词：氟化钠 急性毒性 半数致死量(LD50) 微核 

分 类 号：R965[医药卫生—药理学]