常见变应性疾病吸入性变应原检测结果分析  

Sensitization to aeroallergens among patients with allergic diseases

作　　者：王强[1] 季珊珊[1] 吕静[1] 王双[1] 梁勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]沧州市中心医院,河北沧州061000

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2011年第8期689-691,共3页Chinese Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的研究沧州地区吸入性变应原在变应性疾病分布等方面的特点,为治疗和预防提供依据。方法 对2009-2010年诊断为慢性荨麻疹、变应性鼻炎、哮喘、变应性结膜炎患者共302例和对照组43例进行了18种吸入性变应原的皮肤点刺试验,对检测结果进行分析。结果 302例变应性疾病患者中192例变应原呈阳性反应,阳性率63.6%,变应原皮肤点刺试验阳性率前4位的变应原依次是尘螨、尘土、蒿属花粉、黑曲霉;慢性荨麻疹患者的变应原阳性率为42.9%低于变应性鼻炎、哮喘、变应性结膜炎患者的阳性率71.7%、79.6%、70.3%;儿童组变应原阳性率70.6%高于成人组60.0%。结论 尘螨、尘土、蒿属花粉是沧州地区主要变应原;对于慢性荨麻疹患者应注意变应原以外的其他原因;随年龄的增长变应原阳性率降低。Objective To analyze aeroallergens in patients with allergic diseases.Methods A total of 302 allergic patients（chronic urticaria： 98;allergic rhinitis：113;asthma：54;allergic conjunctivitis：37） were underwent skin prick test（SPT） with 18 standardized aeroallergens in Cangzhou,Hebei.The distribution pattern of aeroallergens was analyzed.Results The positive rate of SPT was 63.6%（192/302） among the patients of allergic diseases.The individual allergens with the highest positive rates were dust mite（47.68%）,dust（31.13%）,art pollen（26.49%） and black mold（21.85%）.The rate of sensitization to aeroallergens was lower in chronic urticaria patients than in the other group of patients.The positive rate of SPT for the patients of allergic diseases was higher in children than in adults.Conclusion Dust mite,dust,art pollen and black mold were the most important aeroallergens for allergic diseases in Cangzhou,Hebei.Other rare allergens and causes should be further explored for chronic urticaria.

关 键 词：变应性疾病 皮肤点刺实验 变应原 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学]