上方来水流量对坡面土壤溶质迁移特征的影响  

Effect of Flow Rates on Properties of Solute Transport Process of Slope Red Soil with Shallow Flow

作　　者：王辉[1,2] 汤佳浩[1] 李志明[1] 裴毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学工学院,长沙410128 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2011年第4期57-60,共4页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40801107);中国博士后科学基金项目(20090451408);湖南省大学生研究性学习和创新性实验计划项目(SCX0908)

摘　　要：通过上方供水方式模拟薄层水流,研究了流量对红壤坡面产流、产沙及非吸附性离子(Br-)迁移过程特征的影响。结果表明,起始产流时间随着流量的增加呈幂函数递减趋势;不同上方供水流量所形成的径流量随时间变化规律相似,初期产流量迅速增大而后期趋于稳定,但径流量随着上方来水流量增大而增大。在消除雨滴击溅夯实作用下,随着上方来水流量增大,薄层水流冲刷作用增强,径流泥沙含量随之增大,径流中Br-浓度随之呈先增后减的变化规律;反映了非吸附性溶质随薄层水流迁移数量多少取决于水流与土壤溶质接触时间和作用程度。By supplying water from upslope to simulate shallow flow,the simulated experiments were used to quantify the effects of flow rates on runoff,soil erosion processes and the transport processes of Bromine,non-adsorption ion,on slope red soil.The results showed that the initial time of runoff decreased by power function with the increase in flow rates.The variation of runoff rates with time was similar at different flow rates.In the initial stage of runoff,runoff rates increased rapidly and then became stabilized.With flow rates increasing,the degree of shallow flow erosion had increase and sediment concentration had risen.However,Bromide concentrations in runoff increased at fist and decreased with the increasing of flow rate.It suggests that the quantity of solute losses with shallow flow depends on the degree and time of interaction between soil solute and runoff.

关 键 词：上方来水 流量 红壤坡面 溶质迁移 薄层水流 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]