冬小麦种质“矮孟牛”姊妹系遗传差异  

Genetic Difference of Siblines Derived from Winter Wheat Germplasm "Aimengniu"

作　　者：赵春华[1] 崔法[1] 李君[1] 丁安明[1] 李兴锋[1] 高居荣[1] 王洪刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东省作物生物学重点实验室,国家小麦改良中心泰安分中心,山东农业大学农学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《作物学报》2011年第8期1333-1341,共9页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2006CB101700)资助

摘　　要：采用田间试验鉴定和基因组分子标记分析相结合的方法,对冬小麦种质"矮孟牛"7个类型的性状和基因组遗传差异比较分析。结果表明,7个类型在调查的株高、穗长、穗粒数、粒长、粒宽、单株穗数等16个性状方面存在差异,其中矮孟牛V型的主要产量构成因素等性状比较协调,总体优于其他6个类型。在检测的2210对SSR、EST-SSR和STS标记中,有656对标记可在矮孟牛三亲本中显示多态性,将其用于矮孟牛7个类型全基因组遗传差异分析,并利用GGT2.0绘制7个类型的遗传差异图谱。在矮孟牛V型的1A、1B、2D、3A、4D、7A染色体上检测到8个特异位点,利用矮丰3号/牛朱特和孟县201/牛朱特构建的2个F2分离群体,经IciMappingV3.0单标记QTL作图分析,发现矮孟牛V型部分特异位点附近存在与产量构成因素等重要性状相关的QTL。矮孟牛V型的基因组特异位点可能是它作为骨干亲本区别于其他姊妹系的重要基因组特征。＂Aimengniu＂（Aifeng 3//Mengxian 201/Neuzucht） is a backbone parent for cultivar improvement of winter wheat in China. Up to 2007, 26 wheat cultivars have been developed from crosses with Aimengniu. To disclose the genetic basis of this backbone parent in breeding process, we compared the genetic and phenotypic differences among seven Aimengniu-derived siblines （types） based on the results from 656 molecular markers and 16 agronomic traits including plant height, panicle length, grain number per panicle, grain length, grain width, panicle number per plant. There were obvious variations among the seven Aimeng-niu-derived types in the traits surveyed. The Aimengniu-derive type V showed better performance on yield components than other types. A graphical genotype integrated map was constructed by GGT2.0 using the molecular marker data, which showed the in-heritance of fragments from the three parents to Aimengniu. Two F2 populations （Aifeng 3/Neuzucht and Mengxian 201/Neuzucht） were also developed to detect yield-related quantitative trait loci （QTLs） in the Aimengniu-derived type V. Eight Aimengniu V-specific loci were detected on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2D, 3A, 4D, and 7A, which were associated with QTLs for yield components. These specific loci might discriminate the type V from other types at genomic level.

关 键 词：冬小麦种质矮孟牛 骨干亲本 遗传差异 分子标记 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]