共生期与播种量对水稻套播油菜生长及产量的影响  

Effect of Symbiosis Period and Seeding Amount on Growth and Yield of Rape-seed Undersowing Rice

作　　者：雷海霞[1] 陈爱武[1] 张长生[1] 罗凯世[1] 陈新国[1] 夏起昕[1] 周广生[1] 吴江生[1] 田新初[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《作物学报》2011年第8期1449-1456,共8页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2010BAD01B09);国家油菜现代技术体系建设项目(nycytc-00510)资助

摘　　要：油菜套播模式是利用双季稻区冬闲田的有效手段,共生期与播量是影响套播油菜产量的关键因素。为探讨其对套播油菜产量的影响规律,设计共生期及播量裂区试验,调查油菜生长及产量形成。结果表明:(1)各处理条件下油菜密度随生育期推迟而下降,油菜套播有利于提高出苗期密度,但其他生育期的密度降幅随共生期延长而增加;(2)共生期与播量显著影响着油菜各生育期密度,且对三叶期密度存在极显著正互作效应,两试点成熟期密度在共生10d、播量为9.0kg hm–2的处理达最高值。(3)共生期及播量均影响着油菜各生育期的生长发育状况,延长共生时间可增加叶面积指数,但易线苗、油菜叶面积指数等指标随播量增加而增加,导致其产量构成因素、单株产量及小区产量改变。与CK比,套播可显著提高油菜产量,且以共生10d、播量9.0kg hm–2为宜。The rapeseed undersowing rice cultivation model is effective for double cropping rice in winter fallow field in southern area of China. The symbiosis time of rice and rapeseed as well as seeding amount are key factors to affect the yield of rapeseed undersowing rice.To explore the growth and yield affected by different symbiosis times and various seeding amounts, we designed a split-plot experiment with two factors.The results showed that：（1） the rapeseed density decreased with the delay of growth period, and the rapeseed undersowing rice was favorable for improving the density at the seedling stage, but the density at the other growth stages decreased with extension of symbiosis;（2） symbiosis time and seeding amount had a significant effect on rapeseed density at each growth period, moreover,there was significant positive interaction effect at emergence stage, the density at maturity period in two experiment at locations reached the maximum when symbiosis time was 10 days and the seeding at 9.0 kg ha–1;（3） the symbiosis time and seeding amount influenced the growth and development at each period, leaf area index increased when symbiosis time delayed, which led to weak and thin seedlings, therefore, resulting in the changes of yield component,yield per plant as well as plot yield. In conclusion, the rapeseed undersowing rice cultivation model can significantly in-crease the rapeseed yield, and suggest a favorable condition of 10 days symbiosis and seeding at 9.0 kg ha–1 for getting higher yield.

关 键 词：油菜 水稻套播 共生期 播种量 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S565.4