膨胀型阻燃剂对热硫化硅橡胶阻燃性能的影响  

Effect of intumescent flame retardants on flame-retarded properties of silicone rubber vulcanizates

作　　者：郭建华[1] 曾幸荣[1] 李红强[1] 罗权焜[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学高分子系,广东广州510640

出　　处：《弹性体》2011年第4期5-9,共5页China Elastomerics

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2002009B011400042);惠州市产学研结合项目(2009B010004012);惠城区科技计划项目

摘　　要：研究了膨胀型阻燃剂聚磷酸铵(APP)、季戊四醇(PER)和三聚氰胺(MEL)对甲基乙烯基硅橡胶的硫化特性、力学性能和阻燃性能的影响,通过观察硅橡胶的燃烧灰烬,研究了硅橡胶的燃烧行为和膨胀型阻燃剂对硅橡胶的阻燃机理。结果表明,随着阻燃剂APP用量的增大,硅橡胶的正硫化时间延长,焦烧时间缩短,力学性能下降,阻燃性能提高。不加阻燃剂的硅橡胶的氧指数为27.4%,当APP用量为40份时,硅橡胶的氧指数为28.6%,垂直燃烧等级为FV-0级;随着膨胀型阻燃剂APP/PER/MEL用量的增大,硅橡胶的氧指数增加,当APP/PER/MEL用量分别为30/5/5份时,硅橡胶的氧指数为32%,垂直燃烧等级为FV-0级。硅橡胶的燃烧灰烬具有明显的"壳-芯"结构,表明燃烧过程中硅橡胶分子链和填料发生了相分离,其中壳层为白色致密物,随着膨胀型阻燃剂用量的增大,芯层颜色由半透明白色转变为黑色,表明膨胀型阻燃剂有利于成炭阻燃。The effects of intumescent flame retardants（IFR） such as APP,PER and MEL on the curing characteristics,mechanical properties and flame-retarded properties of silicone rubber（MVQ） were investigated.The ignition residue of MVQ vulcanizates was observed to study combustion behavior and flame retardant mechanism of IFR.The results showed that the optimum time increases and scorch time decreases with the addition of APP,and the mechanical properties of MVQ decrease and the flame-retarded properties are enhanced by the incorporation of APP.The LOI of MVQ without any flame retardant is 27.4%,and the LOI increases to 28.6% with the addition of 40 phr APP and the vertical combustion can meet the requirement of FV-0 grade.When the IFR compounded with APP,PER and MEL with the dosages of 30/5/5 phr,individually,the LOI value of MVQ is 32% and the vertical combustion meets FV-0 grade.LOI values increase with the increasing level of IFR.The shell-core structure of ignition residue is shown with white and compact shell,which indicates that phase separation appears during combustion progress of MVQ.The color of the core changes from gray to black with the increasing of IFR level,which indicates that char formation appears in the MVQ matrix with the addition of IFR.

关 键 词：硅橡胶 膨胀型阻燃剂 硫化 力学性能 阻燃性能 

分 类 号：TQ330.38[化学工程—橡胶工业] TQ333.93