氯胺酮相关性泌尿系统损伤  

Ketamine-associated urinary tract damage

作　　者：陈伟豪[1] 关志忱[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学深圳医院泌尿外科,深圳518036

出　　处：《北京大学学报（医学版）》2011年第4期636-639,共4页Journal of Peking University:Health Sciences

摘　　要：K粉（street ketamine）是近年来新兴的毒品,由于制造工艺、方法的不同以及流通途径的原因,常见的K粉是一种复杂的混合物,其中主要成分是氯胺酮（ketamine）。临床上常用的氯胺酮是盐酸氯胺酮,为左旋和右旋体的消旋混合物,分子式为C13H16C1NO，Ketamine is widely used as an anesthetic during surgical procedures in both animals and humans. As its unique effects of inducing the dissociative hallucinatory, vivid dreams, out-of-body experiences, and delirium, it has diverted from legitimate uses to the illicit drug market, and abusing ketamine has become a serious social problem. The abusers may use ketamine alone or mixe it with other drugs to get an intense pleasure. There are case reports from all over the world in recent years that abusing ketamine may induce severe lower urinary tract symptoms （LUTS）, and a variety of anatomical and functional lesions can be found in the urinary tract if further examinations are administrated. There is no universally recognized treatment protocols for this syndrome. Ketamine cessation or even reduction is the most effective treatment to prevent deterioration of the urinary tract, and intravesical instillation of hyaluranic acid （eystitstat） and oral pentosan polysulphate （elmiron） may take effect. The pathogenesis of ketamine-assoeiated urinary tract destruction is unclear, and further study is needed.

关 键 词：氯胺酮 泌尿生殖系统 创伤和损伤 

分 类 号：R691.6[医药卫生—泌尿科学]