大跨桥梁监测无线传感网络节点布置方法研究  

Nodes arrangement method of wireless sensor network on long span bridge monitoring

作　　者：周广东[1] 李爱群[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学混凝土及预应力混凝土结构教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210096

出　　处：《振动工程学报》2011年第4期405-411,共7页Journal of Vibration Engineering

基　　金：国家杰出青年基金资助项目(50725858);住房和城乡建设部科学计划资助项目(2010-K9-36);东南大学优秀博士学位论文基金资助项目(YBJJ0922)

摘　　要：为了避免无线传感网络出现"能量洞"而造成整个网络的过早死亡,提出一种新型大跨桥梁监测无线传感网络节点布置方法。首先分析了无线传感网络节点的能量消耗原理,提出以数据获取效率作为无线传感网络的性能评价指标,推导了基于数据获取效率的无线传感网络节点布置方法的理论公式,并对几种桥梁测试工况进行了无线传感网络布置仿真分析。仿真结果表明,与传统的节点均匀布置方法和传感节点不参与数据传输的网络节点布置方法相比,基于数据获取效率的无线传感网络节点布置方法能够很好地保证网络中各个节点能耗的均匀性,在相同的成本投入下获得最多的结构状态信息。基于数据获取效率的无线传感网络节点布置方法可充分利用无线传感网络中的所有节点,有效地消除"能量洞"现象。A novel nodes arrangement strategy for wireless sensor network（WSN） is proposed in this paper to avoid WSN ＂energy hole＂ and prolong the life-time of the whole network.Firstly the principle of node energy consumption in WSN is analyzed,then the data acquisition rate considered WSN cost and data acquisition capacity is defined to evaluate the performance of WSN,thirdly the theoretical formula of nodes non-uniform arrangement method in WSN is deduced base on the data acquisition rate,at the end simulation analyses of nodes arrangement are executed in three bridge test conditions.The results indicated that the nodes arrangement strategy based on the data acquisition rate can ensure energy consumption of every node in WSN homogeneously and obtain the most information of structure under the same investment when comparing with the conventional uniform nodes arrangement and the nodes arrangement of sensors only for data sensing.Using the proposed method,every node in WSN can be utilized adequately and the ＂energy hole＂ can be eliminated.

关 键 词：结构健康监测 节点布置 桥梁 无线传感网络 数据获取效率 

分 类 号：U441.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程] TP212[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]