马尾松二代无性系种子园子代父本分析及花粉散布  

Paternity analysis and pollen dispersal for the second generation clonal seed orchard of Pinus massoniana

作　　者：谭小梅[1,2] 周志春[1] 金国庆[1] 张一[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江富阳311400 [2]重庆市林业科学研究院,重庆400036

出　　处：《植物生态学报》2011年第9期937-945,共9页Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑专题(2006BAD01A-1403);林业公益性行业科研专项(201104020和201104010)资助

摘　　要：目前国内较早建立的马尾松(Pinus massoniana)二代种子园正陆续进入正常开花结实期。研究马尾松二代种子园花粉散布和自由授粉子代的父本组成,可为生产上指导马尾松高世代种子园的规划设计和遗传管理提供理论依据。该文利用筛选的11对SSR引物,对马尾松二代无性系种子园内8个无性系单株的320个自由授粉子代和48个候选父本进行了扩增,并采用最大似然法对子代进行父本分析。结果表明:11个位点共检测到61个等位基因,每个位点的等位基因数在2-11之间,平均为5.55个。试验亲本和子代群体的总平均观测杂合度(Ho)、期望杂合度(He)及多态信息含量(PIC)分别为0.428、0.433和0.387。在80%的可信度水平下可为232(72.50%)个子代确定其父本。平均每个采种母树与19个父本产生子代。在自由授粉状态下,马尾松二代种子园自交率为1.72%,自交现象很弱,其交配方式以异交为主。绝大多数亲本无性系的雄性繁殖适合度在1.00%-4.00%之间,候选父本平均繁殖适合度为2.17%,平均形成5个后代。马尾松有效花粉的散布距离和固定交配距离的父本繁殖适合度均符合正态分布,两者呈极显著负相关,其主要散布距离集中在0-100m,而检测到的最大散布距离为192m。种子园花粉污染率较低,仅为4.06%。总体看来,树冠南面子代亲本交配距离较北面有增加的趋势,但树冠南、北面子代父本组成数并未表现明显的规律。Aims The earlier second generation seed orchards of Pinus massoniana have been going to normal blossom stage in China. Our objective was to study the pollen dispersal and constitution of the male parents of open-pollination progenies to provide a theoretical basis for the design and genetic management of advanced gen- eration seed orchards. Methods We identified 320 open-pollination progenies from 8 clone individuals and 48 clones as candidate male parent using 11 polymorphic SSR loci. CERVUS was used to assign the paternity of each progeny based on maximum likelihood analysis. Important findings We detected 61 alleles at 11 loci, and the number of alleles ranged from 2 to 11 （average of 5.55）. The average observed and expected heterozygosity （Ho and He） were 0.428 and 0.433, respectively, and the average polymorphic information content （PIC） was 0.387. Among 320 progenies, 232 progenies （75.50%） could be assigned paternity at a confidence level of 80%. Progenies were produced by each mother tree with 19 male trees. The self-crossing rate reached 1.72% in open-pollination condition, and outcrossing was the primary mating mode. The reproduction contribution varied from 1.00 to 4.00% for most male parents, with an average of 2.17% （produced 5 progenies）. Strong negative correlation existed between pollination distance and reproductive success of male parents with the same mating distance. In accord with a normal distribution, the main pollination distance ranged from 0 to 100 m; maximum dispersal distance was 192 m. The pollen contamination ratio was 4.06%. Compared with the north progenies of crown, there was an increasing trend of the mating distance of parents in the south progenies of crown, while there was no obvious trend in the male parent numbers of the south and north progenies of crown.

关 键 词：雄性繁殖适合度 父本分析 马尾松 花粉散布 二代无性系种子园 

分 类 号：S791.248[农业科学—林木遗传育种]