初植密度对10年生水曲柳人工林生物量及根系的影响  

Influence of Planting Density on Biomass Accumulation and Root Growth of Manchurian Ash (Fraxinus mandshurica) in 10-year-old Plantation Stands

作　　者：田宇明[1] 王庆成[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《林业科学》2011年第7期102-107,共6页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑项目(2011BAD37B02)

摘　　要：采用标准地调查和树干解析的方法对帽儿山实验林场10年生不同初植密度[株行距1.0m×1.0m(N),1.5m×1.5m(I1),2m×2m(I2),3m×1.5m(W)]的水曲柳人工林生物量及根系生长进行调查。结果表明:1)林木单株生物量随初植密度减小而显著增加(P<0.05)[与最大初植密度(N)相比较,中等初植密度I1,I2和最小初植密度W林分单株生物量分别增加30.3%,85.6%和146.7%],树干生物量比例随初植密度的减小而减小;2)不同初植密度水曲柳人工林林分单位面积总生物量差异显著(P<0.05),初植密度较小的I1,I2和W林分总生物量分别为N林分的84.8%,80.5%和60.5%;初植密度对林分生物量结构也产生明显的影响;3)随初植密度的减小,水曲柳人工林单株林木根系的生物量增加[I1,I2和W密度林分单株根系生物量分别比N林分高出34.3%,83.2%,139.7%(P<0.05)],总生物量逐渐减小[I1,I2和W密度林分根系总生物量分别为N密度林分的87.4%,79.4%和58.5%(P<0.05)];4)初植密度对林木根系的水平和垂直分布有显著的影响,随初植密度的减小,根的水平分布范围显著增大,林木主根深度有变浅的趋势。综合考虑林分生物量累积、干材生物量分配、林木根系分布特征,水曲柳人工林造林时,应采取适当高的初植密度。Plot survey and stem analysis were conducted in a 10-year-old manchurian ash（Fraxinus mandshurica） plantation with different initial planting density[initial spacing of 1.0 m×1.0 m（N）, 1.5 m×1.5 m（I1）, 2 m×2 m（I2）, 3 m×1.5 m（W）, respectively] to learn the influence of initial spacing on the biomass accumulation and root growth pattern. 1）single tree biomass increased dramatically with the decrease of initial density（P0.05）, with 30.3%, 85.6% and 146.7% increase for intermediate（I1, I2）and lowest（W）density stands, respectively; in comparison with highest density（N）stand. 2）There were significant differences in stand level biomass among the stands with different initial density, and the total tree biomass production in I1, I2 and W stand was 84.8%, 80.5% and 60.5% , respectively, of that in N stand. The stand level biomass structures were also impacted by initial stand density. 3） The mean single tree root biomass increased with the decrease of initial density, with 34.3%, 83.2% and 139.7% increases in I1, I2 and W stands（P0.05）in comparison to the N stand, whereas the stand level root biomass production had a drastic decrease with the initial density, accounted for 87.4%, 79.4% and 58.5% of that in the N stand, respectively（P0.05）. 4）The horizontal distribution range of lateral root increased with the decrease of initial density（P0.05）, whereas the taproot rooting depth tended to decrease. In terms of a combination of stand level biomass accumulation, stem biomass ratio and root distribution pattern, we suggest a relatively greater initial planting density for manchurian ash plantation establishment.

关 键 词：水曲柳 人工林 初植密度 生物量 根系 

分 类 号：S725.6[农业科学—林木遗传育种]