基于控制单元水平的污染物负荷分配研究  

Study on Pollution Load Allocation Strategy Base on Control Unit Level

作　　者：崔云霞[1] 范亚民[1] 贾珅玥[2] 刘媛媛[2] 王炳权[2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省环境科学研究院,南京210036 [2]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,南京210093

出　　处：《中国资源综合利用》2011年第8期43-48,共6页China Resources Comprehensive Utilization

基　　金：太湖流域水生态功能分区与质量目标管理技术示范课题(2008zx07526-007)

摘　　要：污染物负荷分配方法既要考虑分配方案的公平性,又要考虑方案的可操作性。以太湖流域常州市控制单元为例,将环境容量最终分配到点源为目的,提出控制单元-行业-点源为核心的水环境容量3层分配体系,将各层分配视为既有联系又有区别的对象。在控制单元层面上实现点源污染与非点源污染削减量的分配;在行业层次上,主要考虑行业间差异对削减量进行分配;在企业层,为提高分配方案的可执行性,主要针对污染大户进行分配,使用基尼系数法对分配方案的公平性进行评价。结果表明,3层分配体系客观反映了分配量和指标之间机理和逻辑上的定量联系,以及减少污染物总量分配的主观性,为区域性水环境容量分配提供了科学的方法。In total load allocation problem,both the equality and the operability should be taken into consideration.An example was given in a control unit in Changzhou,Jiangsu province,taihu Lake Basin.In this research,a control unit-pollution source-individual pollution point system was proposed as the framework of allocation strategy.In this 3-tier strategy,each tier was treated as individual yet linked objects,from which different purpose and principles were proposed.In the top tier（control unit）,pollution load was allocated to point source and non-point source;in second tier,differences between industries were taken into account;in third tier,only the main pollution points were considered to reduce pollution load for sake of operability.Finally,the strategy was assessed by Gini efficient.The results showed that a 3-tier pollution load allocation strategy could provide a clarified framework for load allocation,which could also reduce the subjectivity.

关 键 词：总量分配 控制单元 分层分配 基尼系数 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]