不同耕作方式与覆盖物对稻田土壤养分的影响  

Influences of Different Tillage Methods and Mulches on Soil Nutrients in Paddy-field

作　　者：吴安军[1] 郑华斌[2] 陈立军[2] 李迪秦[2] 唐启源[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学理学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2011年第8期29-32,共4页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：采用传统和免耕两种不同的耕作方式,设置不同的覆盖物(空白、地膜、3 000 kg/hm2秸秆和6 000 kg/hm2秸秆),研究耕作方式和覆盖物对稻田土壤养分的影响。结果表明:稻草覆盖有明显的土壤培肥效应,不仅明显增加了土壤有机质和速效养分含量,且速效养分有在土壤表层富集的趋势,有利于作物的生长发育;地膜覆盖加快了土壤有机质的分解及速效养分的转化和释放,尤其明显增加了速效磷的含量;而免耕与翻耕对土壤培肥的表现不一,有机质的形成和速效钾免耕要优于翻耕,氮、磷的矿化则翻耕要优于免耕。Using two different tillage methods （traditional tillage method and no-tillage method） and four different mulches （blank, plastic film, 3 000 kg/hm2 of straw, 6 000 kg/hm2 of straw） to study the influences of different tillage methods and mulches on soil nutrients in paddy-field. The resuhs showed that straw mulching had obvious soil improvement effect, which not only significantly increased contents of soil organic matter and available nutrients, hut also showed an accumulation tendency of available nutrients in soil surface, so it is propitious to growth and development of crop; plastic film mulching accelerated the decomposition of soil organic matter and transformation and release of available nutrients, especially effectively increase the content of available P; the non-tillage method and the ploughing method had different effects on soil improvement, the formation of organic matter and content of available K with non- tillage method were better than that with ploughing method, but the mineralization of N and P with ploughing method was better than that with non-tillage method.

关 键 词：耕作方式 覆盖物 稻田 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S158.2[农业科学—土壤学]