不同油脂对瘤胃微生物体外产气及其区系动态变化的影响  

Effects of different oils on gas production and change of ruminal microorganisms fraction in vitro

作　　者：郝志敏[1] 王曙[1] 王龙[1] 王晗[1] 王洪荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院

出　　处：《中国饲料》2011年第17期24-28,共5页China Feed

摘　　要：本试验利用3头瘤胃瘘管山羊提供瘤胃液,以淀粉、纤维素、酪蛋白为底物进行体外培养,研究花生油、菜油、玉米油和豆油等对瘤胃发酵产气及微生物活力状况的影响。结果表明:培养液36 h总产气量在20.61～39.67mL,除花生油组与对照组差异不显著外(P>0.05),其他油脂组都显著低于对照组(P<0.05);随着培养时间的延长各组产气量呈现波动变化。培养液总脱氢酶以豆油组最高,显著高于对照组;并依次显著高于玉米油、花生油、菜籽油等组(P<0.05)。另外,培养液原虫DNA、细菌DNA、微生物DNA、原虫/细菌区系比例的均值与对照组,以及油脂组间差异都不显著(P>0.05),但随着培养时间的延长,微生物DNA在各时间点都以豆油与玉米油组的较高;原虫DNA一般在16 h达到最高,而细菌DNA则在8 h或16 h最高,并显著高于1 h或4 h的量(P<0.05、P<0.01),且各个试验组在培养过程中随时间的动态变化模式也不尽相同。总体看来,不同油脂对瘤胃微生物体外产气及区系动态变化的影响不同。The objectives of this experiment were to assay the effects of different oils on gas production and activity of microbial fraction in rumen,using 3 Xuhuai white goats with permanent cannulas.The in vitro culture substrate used were starch, cellulose, casein, adding peanut oil,rapeseed oil, corn oil, and soybean oil at 4 % of their substrates respec- tively, and setting a control group （no oil）.The results showed that,the accumulate gas production at 36 h was from 20.61 mL to 39.67 mL,and except for peanut oil,the other oil groups were all significantly lower than the control group （P 〈 0.05）.The gas production of 5 groups showed a waving variation according with the culture time.The total dehydrogenase activity was highest for soybean oil, significantly higher than that of the control group （P 〈 0.05）;the order was corn oil, peanut oil,rapeseed oil （P 〈 0.05）.Additionally,no significant difference was detected in the protozoal DNA,bacterial DNA ,microbial DNA, and protozoa to bacteria ratio among groups（P 〉 0.05）.However, microbial DNA was generally higher in soybean oil, and corn oil at all sampling time points during 36 h culture.It was further observed that, protozoal DNA was the highest at 16 h,while bacterial DNA was the highest at 8 h or 16 h after culturing,and the variation parameter with time were different from each group.It could be concluded that,rnmen fermentation and rumen microbial activity might be modified properly by different oils, and the soybean oil showing a better manipulating affection, with a higher activity of the total dehydrogenase, microbial DNA, and a lower gas production.

关 键 词：油脂 瘤胃微生物 产气 总脱氢酶 

分 类 号：S816.4[农业科学—饲料科学]