中国特有植物血水草开花物候与生殖特性  

Flowering phenology and reproductive features of Chinese endemic species Eomecon chionantha Hance

作　　者：陈香 胡雪华[2] 陆耀东 鞠建文[2] 郭永久[2] 李建军[2] 

机构地区：[1]佛山市林业科学研究所,广东佛山528222 [2]井冈山大学生命科学学院,江西吉安343009

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2011年第9期1915-1920,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ09660);林业公益性行业科研专项(201004042);井冈山生态环境研究中心开放基金项目(EERC0501);江西省科学技术厅支撑计划项目(2009ZDN10400)资助

摘　　要：于2008年3—5月对分布在井冈山的血水草(Eomecon chionantha Hance)5个自然种群的开花物候进行了观察,运用开花振幅、相对开花强度和开花同步性等指数研究了其开花物候特征及其对该种生殖成功的影响。结果表明:血水草开花时间为3月下旬—5月上旬,种群花期历时24～46d,个体平均开花持续时间为11～21d,单花花期一般为3～5d;井冈山血水草种群的开花物候进程呈单峰曲线模式具有一个开花高峰期,表现出一种"集中开花模式";与大多数亚热带植物一样,血水草具有较低的相对开花强度,分布频率集中在10%～30%。开花物候指数与生殖间的相关分析结果表明:始花时间与花期持续时间呈显著负相关,而与开花数和坐果率呈显著正相关;花期持续时间与开花数和坐果率呈显著正相关;同步性指数与始花时间、开花数、花期持续时间呈负相关。血水草"集中开花模式"是其在长期的进化过程中适应周围气候条件及生境的一种生殖保障。From March to May 2008, an investigation was conducted on the flowering phenology of five natural Eomecon chionantha Hance populations in Ciping, Huang＇ ao, Jingzhushan, Li- ping and Shuikou at Mt. Jinggang of Jiangxi Province, and the indices such as flowering amplitude, relative flowering intensity, and flowering synchrony were adopted to study the effects of the flowering phenology on the reproductive features of the populations. The flowering period of test populations was from late March to early May, lasting 24-46 days, and Jingzhushan population had a significantly longer flowering period than Ciping population. The flowering duration of individual plants was averagely 11-21 days, but the life span of single flower was usually 3-5 days. The flowering had a single peak, i. e. , concentrated in a certain period. Same as the majority of subtropical plants, E. ehionantha had a lower relative flowering intensity, being from 10% to 30%. The correlation analysis of flowering indices and reproductive features showed that the onset time of flowering had significant negative correlation with the duration of flowering but significant positive correlations with flower number and fruit set ratio, the duration of flowering also had significant positive correlations with flower number and fruit set ratio, the fruit set ratio was significantly positively correlated flower number, and the flowering synchrony index was negatively correlated with the onset time and duration of flowering and the flower number. The populations with earlier onset flowering date showed a longer duration of flowering than the populations with later onset flowering date, and the populations with more flowers showed a longer flowering duration than those with lesser flowers. There was a higher fruit set ratio for the populations with earlier onset flowering date and longer flowering duration, as compared to the populations with later onset flowering date and shorter flowering duration, and the populations with higher flowering synchrony index sho

关 键 词：开花物候 开花同步性 相对开花强度 坐果率 血水草 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]