天津盐渍化农田土壤盐分变化特征  

Change characteristics of soil salt content in salinized farmlands in Tianjin

作　　者：王美丽[1,2] 李军[1] 岳甫均[3] 朱兆洲[1] 刘小龙[1] 郭笑笑[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学天津市水资源与水环境重点实验室,天津300387 [2]天津师范大学城市与环境科学学院,天津300387 [3]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳55002

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2011年第9期1949-1954,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：天津市应用基础及前沿技术研究计划(09JCZDJC25900和10JCZDJC24800);环境地球化学国家重点实验室开放课题(SKLEG9004);国家基础研究计划前期研究专项(2010CB434806);天津师范大学博士基金项目(52LX24)资助

摘　　要：通过对天津农田土壤含盐量及盐分组成的分析,研究了该区盐渍化农田盐分的组成状况和累积特征。结果表明:与蓟县背景对照土壤相比,东丽、津南和汉沽三区盐渍化农田的盐分组成均呈现很大的差异性;非盐渍化农田盐分呈表层累积特征,含盐量随土壤剖面深度的增加而减小,而盐渍化农田表层呈强烈的洗盐、脱盐现象,底层则呈明显的积盐现象;非盐渍化和盐渍化农田盐分的阴离子组成均以HCO3-为主,而阳离子组成则由无盐渍化农田的以Ca2+为主逐渐过渡到盐渍化农田的以Na+为主;盐渍化农田剖面盐分的空间变异性较强,Na+、Cl-与SO42-均为表层低深层高,且pH、残余碳酸钠(RSC)、钠吸附比(SAR)及碱化度(ESP)也均比非盐渍化农田高,并呈现出盐化和碱化同步发生的特征。Based on the analysis of the salt content and its composition in farmland soils of Tian- jing, this paper studied the characteristics of the salt composition and its accumulation in the salinized farmland soils of the City. Compared with that in non-salinized soils of Jixian County, the salt composition in salinized soils of Dongli, Jinnan, and Hangu districts had obvious difference. In non-salinized soils, salt accumulated in topsoil, and decreased with soil depth; while in salinized soils, desalination was obvious in topsoil whereas salt accumulation was observed in subsoil. HCO3^- was the major anion in both non-salinized and salinized soils, while cations showed a significant difference between non-salinized and salinized soils. Ca^2＋ was the major cation in nonsalinized soils, but Na^＋ gradually became the primary cation in salinized soils. The ion composition in salinized soil profiles had a notable spatial variation, e.g. , Na^＋, Cl^-, and SO4^2- had low con- centrations in topsoil but high concentrations in subsoil. Moreover, the soil pH value, residual so- dium carbonate content, sodium adsorption ratio, and exchangeable sodium percentage in salinized soils were higher, representing the synchro occurrence of salinization and alkalization.

关 键 词：农田 盐渍化 盐分 土壤质量 天津 

分 类 号：S156.41[农业科学—土壤学]