鄱阳湖日本沼虾15个群体遗传多样性的微卫星分析  

Genetic diversity of 15 Macrobrachium nipponense populations in Poyang Lake based on microsatellite analysis

作　　者：苏翔[1] 汪桂玲[1] 冯建彬[1] 李家乐[1,2] 李远宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学省部共建水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [2]上海市高校水产养殖学E-研究院,上海201306

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2011年第9期2007-2013,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(31001111);上海市水产养殖重点学科建设项目(Y1101);江苏省苏北科技发展计划项目(BN2009036)资助

摘　　要：利用微卫星分子标记研究鄱阳湖15个日本沼虾(Macrobrachium nipponense)野生群体的遗传多样性。结果表明:10个微卫星位点呈高度多态性,共检测到129个多态性位点;每个群体中至少有5个位点显著偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡,表现出杂合不足;15个日本沼虾群体均表现出较高的遗传多样性,其中大坝外群体和星池群体遗传多样性较高,万户和湖口群体相对较低。瓶颈效应和突变-漂移平衡分析表明,鄱阳湖日本沼虾群体近期没有经历过瓶颈效应,群体数量也没有下降。群体间F统计量及AMOVA分析显示,鄱阳湖日本沼虾群体存在极显著的遗传分化程度(FST=0.04709,P<0.01)。综上所述,鄱阳湖日本沼虾群体具有丰富的遗传多样性,可作为日本沼虾选育的基础群。By the method of microsatellite analysis, an investigation was conducted on the genetic diversity of 15 wild populations of oriental river prawn （Macrobrachium nipponense） in Poyang Lake. The 10 microsatellite loci were highly polymorphic, and a total of 129 alleles were detected. The tests of departure from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium indicated that at least 5 loci for each population were in significant heterozygosity deficiency. For all the populations, there existed significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The 15 populations all showed high genetic diversity; the genetic diversity in Dabawai and Xinchi populations was relatively higher compared with the Wanhu and Hukou populations. Bottleneck effect and mutation-drift equilibrium tests indicated that the M. nipponense populations in the Lake did not suffer bottleneck effect, and had no decline in their quantity in recent time. The FST and AMOVA analysis across all the populations suggested that there was a significant genetic differentiation among the 15 populations （FST = 0. 04709, P〈0. 01 ）. This study showed that the M. nipponense populations in Poyang Lake had high genetic diversity, with greater potential for breeding.

关 键 词：鄱阳湖 日本沼虾 微卫星 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]