从最小作用量原理探讨古建筑的和谐性  

A Survey on the Development Situation and Harmoniousness Characteristics in the Design of Chinese Ancient Architecture

作　　者：梁变凤[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学科学技术哲学研究中心,山西太原030006

出　　处：《系统科学学报》2011年第1期49-53,共5页Chinese Journal of Systems Science

摘　　要：中国古建筑,特别是古庙宇、园林、民居等建筑的设计思想以及建造技术,都能尽量做到选址布局合理,人与自然和谐相融,同时考虑了按省工省料的思想进行运作,符合节能省时的最小作用量原理。古建筑在明清时期的设计思想与建造技术要比唐宋时期臻于完善,"设计法规"有了很大的进步。分析不同时期的建筑物的建造特点,唐宋时代至明清时代的 400 多年间,具有中国特色的斗拱使建筑结构与建造发生了很大改进。The ancient architectures in China, especially the design thinking and the building techniques of the ancient temples, gardens, residences and so on. All these are constructed in a reasonable location and layout, man and nature blend harmoniously as much as possible. At the same time they are all conducted according to the thinking of saving labors and materials, which conform to the least action principle of energy conservation and time saving. The ancient architectures design thinking and building techniques in the Ming and Qing dynasties are better than the ＂design rules＂ in the Tang and Song dynasties which are reaching perfect. This paper has made a concrete analysis of the construction characteristics of the buildings in different periods, and the great progress of the Bucket-Arch structure and construction with Chinese characteristics during the 400 years from the Tang and Song dynasties to Ming and Qing dynasties in China.

关 键 词：古建筑 和谐性特征 最小作用量原理 斗拱 

分 类 号：K928.71[历史地理—人文地理学] N949[自然科学总论—系统科学]