银杏叶片光响应下气孔运动规律及机理研究  

Studies on the mechanism of stomatal movement and its regulation in Ginkgo biloba L. leaf based on photosynthesis responses

作　　者：凌裕平[1] 郝晓苗[1] 王丽丽[1] 王波[1] 佟乐[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2011年第8期870-873,共4页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：江苏省林业三项工程项目([2008]02lxsx)

摘　　要：【目的】了解银杏叶片光响应下的气孔运动规律及相关机理。【方法】运用电子显微镜和X-射线能谱分析技术对不同光照强度(0、200、400、600、800、1200、1500、2000、2500μmol·m-2·s-1)下银杏叶片气孔变化规律及机理进行研究,并进行相关性拟合分析。【结果】保卫细胞与副卫细胞中K元素浓度差与光照强度拟合方程为:y=0.296812076E-9x3-0.144161791E-5x2+0.171319903E-2x+1.33226634,R2=0.812892,呈极显著相关性,光照强度的极值点为784.036μmol·m-2·s-1;气孔开张度与光照强度关系拟合方程为:y=0.594592916E-9x3-0.307151239E-5x2+0.371863248E-2x+3.74379325,R2=0.915096,呈极显著相关性,光照强度的极值点为783.674μmol·m-2·s-1。通径分析结果表明,几种元素中K元素对气孔开张度的直接作用最大,S和Cl元素对气孔开张起负作用;保卫细胞中K、Ca、S、Mn、Fe、Cl、Cu元素高于副卫细胞,副卫细胞中O、Mg、P含量高于保卫细胞;电镜观测发现银杏叶片气孔外围副卫细胞有角质唇形物突起(乳突),气孔内陷,是抗旱能力较强的形态特征之一。【结论】银杏叶片气孔开张度及保卫细胞、副卫细胞中营养元素差异与光照强度相关,气孔及其外围副卫细胞结构与抗旱性相关。[Objective]The present experiment was conducted to study the mechanism of stomatal movement and its regulation in Ginkgo biloba L. leaves based on photosynthesis responses. [Method]Electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to study the mechanism of stomatal movement and its regulation under the condition of different illumination intensity （0, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1200, 1500, 2000 and 2500 μmol·m-2·s-1） in Ginkgo biloba L. leaves. [Result]The relationship between K＋ concentration difference in stomatal guard cells and subsidiary cells and illumination intensity was described using the regression equation：y=0.296812076E-9x3-0.144161791E-5x2＋ 0.171319903E-2x＋1.33226634, R2=0.812892, which showed an extremely remarkable curvilinear relation. The extreme point of illumination intensity was 784.036 μmol·m-2·s-1 （maximum point）. The relationship between stomatal aperture and illumination intensity were described using the regression equation：y=0.594592916E-9x3-0.307151239E-5x2＋0.371863248E-2x＋3.74379325, R2=0.915096, which showed an extremely remarkable curvilinear relation. The extreme point of illumination intensity was 783.674 μmol·m-2·s-1. Path analysis showed that, in the several measured elements, K content had highest and direct effect on stomatal aperture, while S and Cl elements showed negative effects. The concentrations of K, Ca, S, Mn, Fe, Cl and Cu elements were higher in guard cells than in subsidiary cells, while the concentrations of O, Mg and P elements were higher in subsidiary cells than in guard cells. Papilla and sunken stomata were observed under electron microscope in subsidiary cells in the periphery of stomata. [Conclusion]It was concluded difference in concentration of nutrient elements in guard and subsidiary cells regulates the stomatal aperture in the leaves of Ginkgo biloba L. and it has a direct relationship with the illumination intensity. The structure of stomata and its peripheral subsidiary cells were related to the drought re

关 键 词：银杏 光响应 气孔开张度 能谱分析 

分 类 号：S664.301[农业科学—果树学]