1968年“普韦布洛”号危机初期的美苏交涉  

U.S.-Soviet Union Negotiations in the Initial Stages of the Pueblo Crisis of 1968

作　　者：梁志[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学历史学系冷战国际史研究中心

出　　处：《俄罗斯研究》2011年第4期130-146,共17页Russian Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地项目"冷战起源研究"(项目批准号:08JJDGJW261);北京市教育委员会社科计划重点项目;北京市哲学社会科学规划项目"国际关系史史料的整理与研究"(一期)(项目批准号:SZ201010028010)的资助

摘　　要：1968年"普韦布洛"号危机发生前后,约翰逊政府最高决策层依旧在很大程度上坚持"共产主义铁板一块"的观点,一致认为朝鲜此举的目的在于支持北越,苏联参与其中,甚至是主谋。于是,美国的第一反应便是寻求苏联的帮助,要求对方迫使朝鲜还船放人。苏联一面拒绝充当调停者,一面暗中规劝朝鲜尽快以和平方式解决危机。然而,最终苏联的努力未见成效。此次美苏交涉充分表明:虽然中苏同盟破裂已成定局,但华盛顿依旧固守过往的冷战思维,深信苏朝越的对外战略是协调一致的;1960年代末,在中苏分裂和朝韩竞争的特定时局下,苏联这个社会主义超级大国已无力真正影响朝鲜外交政策的走向。Supreme policy-maker of Johnson administration still held on to ＂communism is monolithic＂ to a large extent before and after the Pueblo Crisis of 1968,believed that North Korean purpose was to support North Vietnam,Soviet Union was insider,even chief plotter.Therefore,U.S.turned immediately to the Soviet Union to look for solutions,and request it to force DPRK to return the Pueblo and its crew.On the one hand Soviet Union refused to act as mediator,but on the other,it urged DPRK to solve the crisis peacefully as soon as possible.However,DPRK didn’t accept the advice in the end.What do we conclude from U.S.-Soviet Union negotiations？ Firstly,in spite of Sino-Soviet Union split,Washington didn’t leave cold war thinking behind,and convinced that Soviet Union,DPRK,and North Vietnam were pursuing coordinating international strategies.Secondly,under the background of Sino-Soviet Union split and DPRK-ROK competition,the Soviet Union as a Socialist superpower had no ability to impel DPRK to change its foreign policy in the late 1960s.

关 键 词：“普韦布洛”号危机 美国 苏联 

分 类 号：D819[政治法律—国际关系]