钌基氨合成催化剂工业化应用的模拟与分析  

Simulation and Analysis of the Industrial Applicationof Ru-based Ammonia Synthesis Catalyst

作　　者：范明 范建光 白跃华 孔繁华 于天学 

机构地区：[1]中国石油石油化工研究院,北京100195

出　　处：《中外能源》2011年第9期71-74,共4页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：上世纪90年代,KBR将新型钌基催化剂成功应用于氨合成工业生产,并且形成以钌基催化剂为核心的KAAP工艺。钌基催化剂由于其远高于铁基催化剂的活性特征,已经在提高产量、降低能耗方面显示出无可比拟的优越性能。钌基催化剂作为氨合成第二代催化剂,与铁基催化剂相比,具有活性高,使用寿命长,操作条件相对缓和等优点,国内已经开发成功,但未见工业化应用报道。针对某大型氨厂氨合成回路扩能改造,提出对现有3个合成塔中的第三塔进行改造,改造后第三塔装填钌基催化剂,催化剂床层由一个增加为两个,床层之间有换热器。应用模拟软件Aspen Plus对该方案进行模拟研究,并与现有改造方案进行对比分析。结果表明,本方案在不新增合成塔数量的前提下,即可实现提高液氨产能35%的目标;改造后的3个合成塔运行参数满足工业生产要求,钌基催化剂在较高氨含量下仍然表现出优异的活性;与现有新增合成塔的改造方案相比,本改造方案在成本方面具有较大的经济优势。In the 1990s,KBR successfully applied a new type of Ru-based catalyst in the industrial synthesis of ammonia and developed the KAAP technology on the basis of Ru-based catalysts.With far higher activity than Fe-based catalysts,Ru-based catalysts have demonstrated their unrivaled properties in raising output and reducing energy consumption.As the second generation catalysts used in the synthesis of ammonia,Ru-based catalysts have high activity and longer lives and require more gentle operating conditions than Fe-based catalysts.Although Ru-based catalyst has been developed in China,there has been no report on its industrial application.During an upgrade of the ammonia synthesis loop of a large ammonia production plant,technicians proposed to revamp the ammonia converter No.3,one of the plant＇s three ammonia converters in use.After the upgrade,the ammonia converter No.3 began to use a Ru-based catalyst and the number of catalyst bed was raised to two from one.A heat exchanger was installed between the catalyst beds.Simulation software Aspen Plus was used to simulate the above scheme and to compare it with the existing upgrade scheme.Simulation results show that this scheme can raise ammonia production capacity by 35% without the need to add ammonia converters.After the upgrade,the operating parameters of the three ammonia converters meet the requirements for industrial production.The Ru-based catalysts still exhibit excellent activity even when the content of ammonia is very high.Compared with the existing upgrade plan requiring the addition of ammonia converters,this scheme is much more cost-effective.

关 键 词：铁基催化剂 钌基催化剂 氨合成回路 ASPEN Plus 扩能改造 模拟 

分 类 号：TQ113.24[化学工程—无机化工]