自然界最基本循环和微生物农业  

The Basic Cycles in the Nature and Microbial Agriculture

作　　者：曹志强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2011年第5期570-576,共7页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

摘　　要：为解决当前农业和环境面临的难题,文章讨论了有机物质在植物、动物、土壤和微生物这4个系统中的运动,指出这些运动形成了两个稳定的基本循环,我们称之为自然界的最基本循环。近100多年来,人类忽视了微生物在有机物质的转化和循环过程中的重要作用,结果使微生物系统受到伤害,最基本循环遭到严重破坏,导致农业和环境出现了一系列严重问题。文章提出了恢复微生物系统和最基本循环的具体方案,希望通过发展微生物农业使中国农业走上高效、可持续发展的道路。To meet the serious challenges of agricultural and environmental problems in China, this paper discusses the movement and transfer of organic materials among the four essential systems： Plants, Animals, Soils and Microorganisms were studied in this paper. Our studies revealed that the movement and transfer lead to two cycles, and each of them has its own steady direction. We called them the basic cycles of the nature. In the recent 100 years of industrial booming, the functionalities of microorganisms among the four systems have been ignored. The microorganism system has been damaged and the two basic cycles in the nature are severely tipped, which caused many serious problems in the agriculture and the environment all around the world, especially in China. This article provides a proposal for restoring the microorganism system and the basic cycles in the nature. It is our hope that, China will adopt ＂Microbial Agriculture＂ so that Chinese agriculture will have a highly efficient and sustainable growth in the future.

关 键 词：最基本循环 微生物农业 堆肥 有机废弃物 

分 类 号：S182[农业科学—农业基础科学]