略论古希腊的自然观及其生态意蕴  

On Ancient Greek View of Nature and its Ecological Implication

作　　者：李笑春[1] 王东[2] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学哲学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010021 [2]北京大学哲学系,北京100871

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2011年第9期110-114,共5页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

摘　　要：古希腊的自然观呈现出极为复杂的形态,它开启了各种可能。在此我们要审慎地看待希腊哲人的超越性(他们也同样首先是内嵌于文化传统的个人),要对逻辑化的结论保持健康的怀疑:古希腊自然观并非物化地看待自然的开端,它为人类超越地审视自然提供可能,但同时也为人类蒙蔽于自然之内的宗教信念提供支持;古希腊自然观并不系统,在不同理论之中所表现出的丰富差异,是孕育此后诸多生态观念的温床。古希腊自然观所表现出的极强的可塑性,根源于自然哲学家们尝试性地探求自然的秘密,但并不对象性地究诘自然;他们以经验现象作为依据和起点,但总是回归到形而上学之中去。总而言之,从生态思想史的角度考察古希腊的自然观会发现,它是促发生态思想发展的无限可能的最初构架,是生态思想生长的亦此亦彼的源泉。With a very complex form, ancient Greek view of nature opened various possibilities. We should treat the transcendence of the Greek philosophers carefully （they were firstly embedded in the cultural traditions individually） , and keep a healthy skepticism to the logical conclusion, that to kwon Greek view of nature is not the materialized beginning of viewing nature. It did provided possibility for human to look beyond the nature, but on the other hand it also deceived people by supporting religious beliefs. Ancient Greek view of nature was not a systematic one, and the rich theoretical differences shown by its diverse theories, was where the numerous ecological concepts bred from. The extreme plasticity of Greek view of nature, rooted in the natural philosophers＇ effort of trying to explore the secret of nature, but they did not interrogate the na- ture as an object of study. They took the experiential phenomena as the basis and starting point, hut always went back to the metaphysics of being. All in all, from the perspective of history of ecological ideas, we will find that, with infinite possibilities, ancient Greek view of nature was the initial framework from where the ecological thought expanded, and the either way through which ecological thought could grow up.

关 键 词：生态思想史 古希腊自然观 自然神性 自然的发现 生态意蕴 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]