油砂流化热转化过程中结焦热载体的烧碳动力学  

Coke Combustion Kinetics of Hot Carrier in Fluid Thermal Conversion of Oil Sand

作　　者：张安贵[1] 王刚[1] 毕研涛[1] 徐春明[1] 高金森[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学重质油国家重点实验室,北京102249

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2011年第4期567-574,共8页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金(20906103);国家杰出青年科学基金(20725620)资助

摘　　要：采用固定床微分反应器——气相色谱联用装置,对油砂流化热转化过程中的结焦热载体进行了烧碳动力学及烧焦工艺条件的研究。结果表明,结焦热载体烧碳反应速率与碳的质量分数符合2级反应动力学规律,与氧分压符合1级反应动力学规律,可用阿累尼乌斯公式表示反应速率与烧焦温度的关系。结焦热载体烧碳反应对碳的反应级数与FCC催化剂烧碳再生反应对碳的反应级数不同,其活化能E_a远小于FCC催化剂烧碳再生等过程的活化能,主要是由于结焦热载体中的碱土金属加快了烧碳过程的反应速率,改变了碳的反应级数,降低了该反应过程的活化能。烧焦产物中n(CO_2)/n(CO)仅是温度的函数,在600～720℃随着烧焦温度的升高n(CO_2)/n(CO)降低;当温度高于720℃时,随着温度的升高,n(CO_2)/n(CO)显著增大。The coke combustion of hot carrier in fluid thermal conversion of oil sand was studied in a fixed bed microreactor, and the apparent kinetic equation and process conditions for coke combustion were obtained. The results showed that the coke combustion rate was in second order with respect to carbon mass fraction and in first order with respect to oxygen partial pressure, and the relation of reaction rate constant and temperature was consistent with Arrhenius equation. The reaction order of carbon in coke combustion of hot carrier was different from that of cracking catalyst regeneration and other processes, and the apparent activation energy E. in coke combustion of hot carrier was much less than that of catalyst regeneration in FCC process. In coke combustion of hot carrier, the existence of alkali metal in mineral increased the reaction rate of coke combustion, changed the reaction order of carbon in coke combustion, and decreased the combustion apparent activation energy E,. The molar ratio of CO2 and CO in products of coke combustion was considered as a function of combustion temperature, which decreased with the increase of combustion temperature from 600℃ to 720℃, and increased greatly with the temperature when the combustion temperature exceeded 720℃.

关 键 词：油砂 热载体 烧碳动力学 自催化作用 n(CO2)/n(CO) 

分 类 号：TE667[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]