西部两县早产/低出生体重儿与正常足月儿的喂养情况比较  

Comparison of feeding behavior between preterm/low birth weight infants and full term infants in two counties in western China

作　　者：周敏[1] 刘英惠[1] 陈丽君[1] 郝波[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院妇产科妇儿保健中心,北京100034

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2011年第9期789-791,共3页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

基　　金：联合国儿童基金会资助(YH601.11)

摘　　要：【目的】比较我国西部两县早产/低出生体重儿(简称早产组)与正常足月儿(简称足月组)养护人的喂养知识和行为。【方法】利用对559名早产/低出生体重儿和522名足月儿的问卷调查资料的分析,应用χ2检验和方差分析比较早产组与足月组养护人的喂养知识及行为。【结果】早产组与足月组分别有56.5%和57.3%的养护人了解纯母乳喂养持续时间,34.5%和33.7%知道辅食添加的好处,33.8%和34.7%知道开始添加辅食的时间,差异均无统计学意义。早产组和足月组6个月以内纯母乳喂养的比例分别为26.6%和37.5%,添加辅食后目前仍继续母乳喂养的比例分别为7.1%和11.8%,差异均有统计学意义。早产组与足月组6个月开始添加辅食的比例(31.5%和32.6%)以及首次添加的辅食种类为铁强化婴儿营养米粉的比例(17.4%和20.6%)均相近。早产组每周摄入普通牛奶的比例高于足月组(54.4%和44.8%),差异有统计学意义;早产组与足月组每周摄入肉蛋类(66.8%和69.0%)、蔬果类(41.3%和40.7%)食物的比例以及出生后按时服用过补铁药物的比例(18.7%和19.6%)均接近,上述差异均无统计学意义。【结论】早产组与足月组养护人有关婴幼儿喂养知识均较缺乏,早产组采取不适宜喂养行为的比例更高。建议加强养护人对婴幼儿特别是早产/低出生体重儿的营养和喂养知识的健康教育。[Objective] To examine and compare infant feeding knowledge and behavior of caregivers of preterm/low birth weight（LBW） infants（preterm group） and full term infants （full term group） in two counties in western China. [Methods] Interviews were conducted among the caregivers of 522 preterrn/LBW infants and 559 full term infants by trained interviewers using questionnaires. Information concerning infant feeding knowledge and behavior was collected. Chi- square and analysis of variance（ANOVA） test were employed to test between-group differences in demographic characteristics, feeding knowledge and behaviors. [Results] The proportion of caregivers who knew right duration for exclusive breastfeeding was 56.5% for preterm/LBW group and 57.3% for the full term group, while the proportions who knew the benefits of complementary foods were 34.5% and 33.7% and the proportions who thought the right time to added complementary foods to infant diet were 33.8 % and 34.7 %. Such differences were not statistically significant. Less preterm/LBW infants than full term infants were exclusively breastfed within six months（26.6% vs 37.5%, Zz= 13. 18,P〈0. 01） and continued to be breastfed（7.1% vs 11.8% of full term infants） up to now after complementary foods were added. Similar results existed in the proportions who began to eat complementary foods at six months（31.5 % of preterm/LBW infant and 32.6 % of full term infants）, and those whose initial complementary food was iron-fortified infant cereal（17.4 % of preterm/ LBW infant and 20. 6~/00 of full term infants）. No statistically significant differences were observed in those proportions. More preterrn/LBW infants were given milk in their weekly menu （54.4% vs 44.8 % of full term infants, Х^2 = 9.36, P〈 0.01）. No significant differences were observed in the proportions who took egg/meat（66.8% vs 69.0%）, vegetables/ fruits（41.3% vs 40. 7%） each week, and who took iron-containing supplements after birth（18. 7% vs 19.6%）, for preterm/

关 键 词：早产儿 低出生体重儿 足月儿 喂养知识和行为 

分 类 号：R722[医药卫生—儿科]