山东寿光不同农业利用方式下土壤铬的累积特征  

Charateristics of Chromium Accumulation in Soils Under Different Agricultural Utilization Pattern in Shouguang of Shandong Province,China

作　　者：李树辉[1] 李莲芳[1] 曾希柏[1] 白玲玉[1] 王道龙[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所/农业部农业环境与气候变化重点开放实验室,北京100081 [2]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2011年第8期1539-1545,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD89-B03)

摘　　要：为探讨不同农业利用方式下土壤中重金属铬含量状况及其空间分布趋势,按照基本等距离采样的原则,在山东寿光蔬菜种植基地采集土壤样本进行相关分析,并在此基础上探讨了设施菜地中铬含量随着设施种植年限的累积特征。结果表明,山东寿光农业土壤中铬含量均值为51.17mg·kg-1,与山东省土壤铬背景值66.0mg·kg-1比较,发现其中9.7%的样本含量超过背景值,但均未超过国家土壤环境质量Ⅱ级标准(GB15618—1995);将4种不同农业利用方式比较,发现设施栽培模式下土壤铬含量最高,达53.04mg·kg-1;其后依次为普通农田、露天菜地和对照。同时,研究区域内土壤铬含量在空间分布上呈现出外周高中间低的趋势。设施栽培模式下,土壤铬含量随设施年限的增加呈现出一定的升高趋势,局部区域设施土壤铬的年累积速率达2.18mg·kg-1·a-1,导致这种结果的原因可能与含铬量较高有机肥的大量施用等有关。总体来说,研究区域内农田铬含量处于土壤标准正常范围,但从长远看,设施菜地中铬累积的现象不容忽视。In Accordance with the basic principle of equidistant sampling,soil samples were collected in the vegetable plantation land of Shouguang City,Shandong Province,and corresponding chemical analysis were conducted to systematically investigate the content of chromium in soils under different utilization type and its spatial distribution trend,and the chromium accumulation characteristics.The results indicated that the average content of chromium in agricultural soils in the study areas was by 51.17 mg·kg-1.Compared to soil background value of chromium in Shandong Province,about 9.7% of the total samples exceeded 66.0 mg·kg-1,but all the samples did not exceeded that of grade Ⅱ value recommended in the National Soil Quality Standard（GB 15618—1995）.In comparison with four kinds of land utilization types in agriculture,the highest content of chromium in soils was found in protected cultivation planting pattern with the content of 53.04 mg·kg-1,then by the common farmlands and open land planting with vegetables,while the lowest content of chromium was found in control soil.The result of spatial analyses on chromium content showed that lower chromium content appeared in the middle region than that in the surroundings.Under the protected cultivation pattern,the content of chromium increased with the cultivation time prolonged,the accumulation rate of chromium reached at 2.18 mg·kg-1·a-1.The underlying reason may be contributed to the application of abundant organic fertilizer with high content of chromium.Totally,the content of chromium in the region was in the permitted range of Soil Quality Standard recommended.In the long run,the problem on chromium accumulation in greenhouse vegetable plantation soils should not be neglected.

关 键 词：农业 利用方式 土壤 铬 累积 设施菜地 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]